{"id":114,"date":"2023-03-20T22:30:45","date_gmt":"2023-03-20T13:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/trend-test-of-the-means-in-r\/"},"modified":"2025-02-11T14:09:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T05:09:10","slug":"trend-test-of-the-means-in-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/trend-test-of-the-means-in-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u304c\u7dda\u5f62\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u50be\u5411\u3068\u306f\">\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u50be\u5411\u3068\u306f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u50be\u5411\u3068\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a00\u3046<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319224321.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1002\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319224321.png 530w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319224321-300x264.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Photograph\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56f3\u306e\u4e2d\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3092\u7dda\u3067\u7d50\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u56f3\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff38 \u8ef8\u306e L, M, H \u3068\u3044\u3046\u9806\u306b\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X \u8ef8\u304c\u53f3\u306b\u884c\u304f\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7dda\u5f62\u50be\u5411\u3068\u547c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u304c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6cd5\u3067\u884c\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\">\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6cd5\u3067\u884c\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024 $ \\bar{Y} $ \u3068\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u50be\u5411\u3092\u8868\u3059\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570 $ c $ \u3068\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7a4d\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u3092 \u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4 L \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66f8\u3051\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">$$ L = \\sum c \\bar{Y} $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u6dfb\u3048\u5b57\u306f\u7701\u7565\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u5206\u6563\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5206\u6563\uff08\u8aa4\u5dee\uff09\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5206\u6563\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">$$ \\displaystyle V(L) = \\frac{\\sigma^{2}}{n} \\sum c^{2} $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>n \u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$ \\sigma^2 $ \u306f\u5206\u6563\u5206\u6790\u306e\u8aa4\u5dee\u5206\u6563\uff08\u8aa4\u5dee\u5e73\u5747\u5e73\u65b9\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8aa4\u5dee\u5206\u6563\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/toukeier.hatenablog.com\/entry\/how-to-determine-sample-size-in-trend-test\/\">R \u3067\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5 &#8211; \u7d71\u8a08ER<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf T \u306f\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6 N-K \u306e t \u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">$$ \\displaystyle T = \\frac{\\sum c \\bar{Y}}{\\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma^2}{n} \\sum c^2}} $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>N \u306f\u3001\u5168\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3001K \u306f\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306b\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u304c\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u304c\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"biost-2256922442\" class=\"biost- biost-entity-placement\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\">\uff1e\uff1e\u3082\u3046\u7d71\u8a08\u3067\u60a9\u3080\u306e\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bn_r_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span class=\"marker2\">\u21911\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u8cfc\u8aad\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u30ab\u30ae\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3068\u306e\u7a4d\u548c\">\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u30ab\u30ae\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3068\u306e\u7a4d\u548c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u304c\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u7a4d\u306e\u548c\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u6570\u3067\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0a\u304c\u308a\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>3 \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff1a(-1, 0, 1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4 \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff1a(-3, -1, 1, 3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5 \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff1a(-2, -1, 0, 1, 2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u306f\u3001\u5408\u8a08\u3059\u308b\u3068 0 \u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3001\u76f4\u7dda\u50be\u5411\u306a\u3089\u7b49\u9593\u9694\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u7a4d\u306e\u548c\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u3068\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u306a\u3059\u89d2\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u89d2\u5ea6\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5411\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6700\u5927\u306e 1 \u306b\u8fd1\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6cd5\u3082\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3068\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7a4d\u548c\uff08\u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u306e\u5206\u5b50\uff09\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u793a\">\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u793a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u8a18\u3068\u306f\u9055\u3044\u3001\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u56f3\u793a\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222223.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1004\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222223.png 530w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222223-300x264.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Photograph\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u56f3\u793a\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222249.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1005\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222249.png 530w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222249-300x264.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Photograph\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u3067\u4e0b\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306a\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u639b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3082\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf T \u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3067\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u4e0b\u304c\u308b\u50be\u5411\uff08\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u6027\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b\">\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u6027\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001R \u3067\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3001\u5f35\u529b\u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306b\u7834\u65ad\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6bdb\u7e54\u7269\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3042\u308b warpbreaks \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tension \u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u6642\u306b breaks \u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3057\u305f\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u6298\u308c\u7dda\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3067\u56f3\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230320222029.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1006\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230320222029.png 530w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230320222029-300x247.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Photograph\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u53f3\u4e0b\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570 (1, 0, -1) \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u691c\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synPreProc\">library<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>dplyr<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u7fa4\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068SD, n \u3092\u8a08\u7b97<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> group.summary <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> warpbreaks <span class=\"synStatement\">%&gt;%<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">+<\/span>   <span class=\"synIdentifier\">group_by<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">%&gt;%<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">+<\/span>   <span class=\"synIdentifier\">summarize<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>mean<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">mean<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">),<\/span> sd<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">sd<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">),<\/span> n<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">n<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">())<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> group.summary\n<span class=\"synComment\"># A tibble: 3 \u00d7 4<\/span>\ntension  mean    sd     n\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;<\/span>fct<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>   <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;<\/span>dbl<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;<\/span>dbl<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;<\/span>int<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span> L        <span class=\"synConstant\">36.4<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">16.4<\/span>     <span class=\"synConstant\">18<\/span>\n<span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span> M        <span class=\"synConstant\">26.4<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">9.12<\/span>    <span class=\"synConstant\">18<\/span>\n<span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span> H        <span class=\"synConstant\">21.7<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">8.35<\/span>    <span class=\"synConstant\">18<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> contrast <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> contrast\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u5206\u6563\u5206\u6790<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> aov.res <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">aov<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span>warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>aov.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nDf Sum Sq Mean Sq <span class=\"synConstant\">F<\/span> value  <span class=\"synIdentifier\">Pr<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">F<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\ntension      <span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">2034<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">1017.1<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">7.206<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.00175<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\nResiduals   <span class=\"synConstant\">51<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">7199<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">141.1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">---<\/span>\nSignif. codes<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.001<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.01<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.05<\/span> \u2018.\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.1<\/span> \u2018 \u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u5206\u6563\u5206\u6790\u8868\u304b\u3089\u8aa4\u5dee\u5206\u6563\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3057<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> sigma.sq <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">unlist<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>aov.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">))&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">6<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> sigma.sq\nMean Sq2\n<span class=\"synConstant\">141.1481<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># K: \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u6570<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> K <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">length<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>group.summary<span class=\"synSpecial\">$<\/span>tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> K\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># n: \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> n <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> group.summary<span class=\"synSpecial\">$<\/span>n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> n\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">18<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># Y.bar: \u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> Y.bar <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">unlist<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>group.summary<span class=\"synSpecial\">)&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">4<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">6<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> Y.bar\nmean1    mean2    mean3\n<span class=\"synConstant\">36.38889<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">26.38889<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">21.66667<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf T \u306e\u5206\u5b50<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> Estimate <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">sum<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>contrast<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span>Y.bar<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> Estimate\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">14.72222<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf T \u306e\u5206\u6bcd<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> SE <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">sqrt<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>sigma.sq<span class=\"synStatement\">\/<\/span>n <span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">sum<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>contrast<span class=\"synStatement\">^<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> SE\nMean Sq2\n<span class=\"synConstant\">3.960193<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u691c\u5b9a\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf T<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">T<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> Estimate<span class=\"synStatement\">\/<\/span>SE\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">names<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">T<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">'STATISTIC'<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">T<\/span>\nSTATISTIC\n<span class=\"synConstant\">3.717552<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u6709\u610f\u78ba\u7387<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> PVAL <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">pt<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">T<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> df<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span>n<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>K<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> lower.tail <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">FALSE<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> PVAL\nSTATISTIC\n<span class=\"synConstant\">0.0005008605<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001p \u5024\u304c 0.0005 \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u306b\u53f3\u80a9\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001multcomp \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e glht() \u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001\u3082\u3063\u3068\u77ed\u3044\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synPreProc\">library<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>multcomp<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u5206\u6563\u5206\u6790<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> aov.res0 <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">aov<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span>warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>aov.res0<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nDf Sum Sq Mean Sq <span class=\"synConstant\">F<\/span> value  <span class=\"synIdentifier\">Pr<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">F<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\ntension      <span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">2034<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">1017.1<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">7.206<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.00175<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\nResiduals   <span class=\"synConstant\">51<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">7199<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">141.1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">---<\/span>\nSignif. codes<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.001<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.01<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.05<\/span> \u2018.\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.1<\/span> \u2018 \u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> contr <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">rbind<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">'linear trend'<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> contr\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span>\nlinear trend    <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>    <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span>   <span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> glht.res <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">glht<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>aov.res0<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> linfct <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">mcp<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tension <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> contr<span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synComment\"># \u7d50\u679c\u8868\u793a<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>glht.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> test<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">adjusted<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">'none'<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\nSimultaneous Tests <span class=\"synStatement\">for<\/span> General Linear Hypotheses\nMultiple Comparisons of Means<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span> User<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>defined Contrasts\nFit<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">aov<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>formula <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nLinear Hypotheses<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>\nEstimate Std. Error t value <span class=\"synIdentifier\">Pr<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;|<\/span>t<span class=\"synStatement\">|<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nlinear trend <span class=\"synStatement\">==<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span>    <span class=\"synConstant\">14.72<\/span>       <span class=\"synConstant\">3.96<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">3.718<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.000501<\/span> <span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">---<\/span>\nSignif. codes<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.001<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.01<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.05<\/span> \u2018.\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.1<\/span> \u2018 \u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>Adjusted p values reported <span class=\"synStatement\">--<\/span> none method<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>p \u5024\u306f\u540c\u3058 0.0005 \u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u307e\u3068\u3081\">\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u6027\u691c\u5b9a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u305f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3068\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u4fc2\u6570\u3092\u304b\u3051\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u7dda\u5f62\u5bfe\u6bd4\u304c\u30ab\u30ae\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u306a\u308c\u3070<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u95a2\u9023\u8a18\u4e8b\">\u95a2\u9023\u8a18\u4e8b<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-postLink\">\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard -internal\" data-type=\"type1\" data-onclick=\"clickLink\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"p-blogCard__caption\">\u3042\u308f\u305b\u3066\u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__thumb c-postThumb\"><figure class=\"c-postThumb__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-postThumb__img u-obf-cover\" width=\"320\" height=\"180\"><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"p-blogCard__title\" href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/trend-test-by-r\/\">R \u3067\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"p-blogCard__excerpt\">\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3084\u5272\u5408\u304c\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3001\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u3082\u305d\u306e\u901a\u308a\u304b\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002 R\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088&#8230;<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-postLink\">\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard -internal\" data-type=\"type1\" data-onclick=\"clickLink\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"p-blogCard__caption\">\u3042\u308f\u305b\u3066\u8aad\u307f\u305f\u3044<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__thumb c-postThumb\"><figure class=\"c-postThumb__figure\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1920x1080-video-Excel-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-postThumb__img u-obf-cover\" width=\"320\" height=\"180\"><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-blogCard__body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"p-blogCard__title\" href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/orthogonal-contrast\/\">\u76f4\u4ea4\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u8aac\u660e<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"p-blogCard__excerpt\">\u76f4\u4ea4\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\uff1f \u76f4\u4ea4\u5bfe\u6bd4\u306e\u76f4\u4ea4\u3068\u306f\uff1f \u76f4\u4ea4\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\uff1f \u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u3001orthogonal \u3068\u8a00\u3046\u3002 Orthogonal \u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\uff1f https:\/\/www.collinsdictionary.com\/dictionary\/engli&#8230;<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c2\u8003\u66f8\u7c4d\">\u53c2\u8003\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4jVbjXg\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4jVbjXg\">\u65b0\u7248 \u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\u5316\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a66\u9a13 \u2015\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u2015 (\u533b\u5b66\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba5)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u304c\u7dda\u5f62\u306e\u50be\u5411\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r","category-47"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230319222223.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3477,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114\/revisions\/3477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}