{"id":4403,"date":"2026-11-11T05:46:11","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T20:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/?p=4403"},"modified":"2026-11-13T10:49:44","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T01:49:44","slug":"multidimensional-irt-questionnaire-mirt-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/multidimensional-irt-questionnaire-mirt-r\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u898b\u629c\u304f\uff1a\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3068mirt\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b9f\u8df5\u3010R\u3011"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7814\u7a76\u8005<\/strong>: 12\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u60a3\u8005\u5831\u544a\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30ab\u30e0\uff08PRO\uff09\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u300d\u306e2\u3064\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08MIRT\uff09\u3067\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u898b\u3064\u3051\u305f\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3089 <code>itemtype = \"2PL\"<\/code> \u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u51fa\u308b\u3057\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3082\u4f55\u3082\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3057\u2026\u2026\u3002\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.3\u3068\u304bQ3\u304c0.2\u3068\u304b\u3001\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3082\u3088\u304f\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7d71\u8a08ER<\/strong>: \u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u300c\u3064\u307e\u305a\u304d\u300d\u304c\u4e00\u5ea6\u306b\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u306d\u30025\u4ef6\u6cd5\u306a\u3089 <code>2PL<\/code> \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08<code>graded<\/code>\uff09\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u52b9\u304b\u306a\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u306f\u56de\u8ee2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u57fa\u6e96\u5024\u3082\u300c\u304a\u5b88\u308a\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u610f\u5473\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u305f\u3046\u3048\u3067\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Multidimensional Item Response Theory: MIRT\uff09\u306f\u30011\u3064\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u304c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u3092\u6e2c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306e\u300c\u6e2c\u308b\u529b\u300d\u3068\u300c\u96e3\u3057\u3055\uff08\u53cd\u5fdc\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3055\uff09\u300d\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u63a8\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3001PRO\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3084QOL\u5c3a\u5ea6\u306e\u958b\u767a\u30fb\u77ed\u7e2e\u7248\u4f5c\u6210\u30fb\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u691c\u8a3c\u306e\u5834\u9762\u3067\u51fa\u4f1a\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001MIRT\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u305f\u3046\u3048\u3067\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u9055\u3044\uff08\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\uff09\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76ee\u5b89\u306e\u6271\u3044\u65b9\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3068Q3\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u65b9\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001R\u306e <code>mirt<\/code> \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\uff08Chalmers, 2012\uff09\u3067\u3001\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u304b\u3089\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u5408\u30fb\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3068\u5bfe\u51e6\u30fb\u56e0\u5b50\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u7b97\u51fa\u307e\u3067\u3092\u4e00\u901a\u308a\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MIRT\u3068\u306f\uff1a1\u672c\u306e\u7269\u5dee\u3057\u304b\u3089\u300c\u5730\u56f3\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u300d\u3078<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u5e38\u306e\uff081\u6b21\u5143\u306e\uff09\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08IRT\uff09\u306f\u3001\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u306e\u7279\u6027\u30921\u672c\u306e\u7269\u5dee\u3057 $\\theta$ \u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u4e26\u3079\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066MIRT\u306f\u3001\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8907\u6570\u306e\u8ef8 $(\\theta_1, \\theta_2, \\dots)$ \u3067\u8868\u3059\u30021\u672c\u306e\u7269\u5dee\u3057\u3067\u300c\u8eab\u9577\u300d\u3060\u3051\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5730\u56f3\u4e0a\u306e\u300c\u7def\u5ea6\u3068\u7d4c\u5ea6\u300d\u3067\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u8868\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5\u4ef6\u6cd5\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u9805\u76ee\u3067\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b<strong>\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/strong>\uff08graded response model; Samejima, 1969\uff09\u30922\u6b21\u5143\u306b\u62e1\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u9805\u76ee $j$ \u3067\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea $k$ \u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u9078\u3076\u78ba\u7387\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u66f8\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$$P(X_j \\ge k \\mid \\theta_1, \\theta_2) = \\frac{1}{1 + \\exp\\{-(a_{j1}\\theta_1 + a_{j2}\\theta_2 + d_{jk})\\}}$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">$a_{j1}, a_{j2}$ \u306f\u5404\u6b21\u5143\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b<strong>\u8b58\u5225\u529b\uff08\u50be\u304d\uff09<\/strong>\u3001$d_{jk}$ \u306f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u5883\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306e<strong>\u5207\u7247<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021\u3064\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c1\u3064\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3060\u3051\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u9593\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u6027\u3001between-item multidimensionality\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u306e $a$ \u306e\u3046\u30611\u3064\u3060\u3051\u304c0\u3067\u306a\u3044\u5024\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u306b\u540c\u6642\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u9805\u76ee\u5185\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u6027\uff08within-item multidimensionality\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5f0f\u306f<strong>\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/strong>\u3068\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08Wirth &amp; Edwards, 2007\uff09\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001MIRT\u306e\u51fa\u529b\u306b\u306f\u300c\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u300d\u300c\u56e0\u5b50\u56de\u8ee2\u300d\u300c\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u767b\u5834\u3059\u308b\u3002IRT\u306e\u8a00\u8449\uff08\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u30fb\u5207\u7247\uff09\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u306e\u8a00\u8449\uff08\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\uff09\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u3067\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8aad\u3081\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001MIRT\u306e\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81e8\u5e8a\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7c73\u56fdNIH\u306ePROMIS\uff08Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System\uff09\u304cIRT\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u9805\u76ee\u30d0\u30f3\u30af\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u30fb\u8a55\u4fa1\u306e\u65b9\u91dd\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3084\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u3082\u89e6\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08Reeve et al., 2007\uff09\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u300cMIRT\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3001<strong>1\u6b21\u5143IRT\u3067\u8db3\u308a\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u3001\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3067\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3068\u3088\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a2PL\u3068\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08graded\uff09\u306e\u9055\u3044<\/strong><br>2PL\uff082\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fb\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\uff09\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u300c\u6b63\u89e3\uff0f\u4e0d\u6b63\u89e3\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a<strong>2\u5024<\/strong>\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30025\u4ef6\u6cd5\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u591a\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b <code>itemtype = \"2PL\"<\/code> \u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001<code>mirt<\/code> \u306f\u300cItem 1 requires exactly 2 unique categories\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3067\u6b62\u307e\u308b\u3002\u591a\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u306f <code>\"graded\"<\/code>\uff08\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff09\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u30012\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306a\u3089 <code>\"2PL\"<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f2PL\u3092\u300c\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u5883\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306b\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306d\u305f\u300d\u3082\u306e\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u63a2\u7d22\u7684MIRT\u3068\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684MIRT\uff1a\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MIRT\u306b\u306f\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u63a2\u3059<strong>\u63a2\u7d22\u7684<\/strong>\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u300c\u3069\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c\u3069\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<strong>\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684<\/strong>\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th>\u63a2\u7d22\u7684MIRT<\/th><th>\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684MIRT<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>mirt()<\/code> \u306e\u6307\u5b9a<\/td><td><code>model = 2<\/code>\uff08\u56e0\u5b50\u6570\u3060\u3051\u6307\u5b9a\uff09<\/td><td><code>model = \"PF = Q1-Q6 \u2026\"<\/code>\uff08\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56e0\u5b50\u56de\u8ee2<\/td><td><strong>\u5fc5\u8981<\/strong>\uff08\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u305f\u3081\uff09<\/td><td><strong>\u4e0d\u8981\u30fb\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd<\/strong>\uff08\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u56fa\u5b9a\u6e08\u307f\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2<\/td><td>\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\u3092\u3059\u308c\u3070\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/td><td><code>COV = PF*MH<\/code> \u3068\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a<strong>0\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e3b\u306a\u7528\u9014<\/td><td>\u5c3a\u5ea6\u958b\u767a\u306e\u521d\u671f\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u672a\u78ba\u5b9a\u306e\u3068\u304d<\/td><td>\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u3001\u672c\u756a\u306e\u89e3\u6790<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u8ef8\u3092\u3069\u306e\u5411\u304d\u306b\u56de\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5c24\u5ea6\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3078\u306e\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308a\uff09\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5730\u56f3\u3092\u3069\u306e\u5411\u304d\u306b\u56de\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5730\u5f62\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5317\u304c\u4e0a\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u56de\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<strong>\u56e0\u5b50\u56de\u8ee2<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u300c\u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u3044\u5411\u304d\u300d\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2<\/strong>\uff08Hendrickson &amp; White, 1964\uff09\u306f\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u8a31\u3059<strong>\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2<\/strong>\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u683c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u30fb\u5065\u5eb7\u95a2\u9023\u306e\u7279\u6027\u540c\u58eb\u306f\u76f8\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u76f4\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\uff08\u30d0\u30ea\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3088\u308a\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001<code>mirt<\/code> \u306e <code>summary()<\/code> \u306e\u65e2\u5b9a\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\u306f\u540c\u3058\u304f\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\u306e <code>\"oblimin\"<\/code> \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001<code>rotate = \"promax\"<\/code> \u3068\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308c\u3070\u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2\u3082\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u300cQ1\u301cQ6\u306f\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3060\u3051\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u56de\u3059\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306b <code>summary(mod, rotate = \"promax\")<\/code> \u3068\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u307e\u307e\u56de\u8ee2\u306f\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305a\u3001<strong>\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u304c\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3060\u3051<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u898b\u843d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u304c\u3001\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f <code>COV = PF*MH<\/code> \u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u9650\u308a<strong>\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u304c0\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/strong>\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2\u3092\u304b\u3051\u305f\u306e\u306b\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u304c0\u306e\u307e\u307e\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u6b63\u4f53\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"biost-3389759520\" class=\"biost- biost-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u5e83\u544a\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\">\uff1e\uff1e\u3082\u3046\u7d71\u8a08\u3067\u60a9\u3080\u306e\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bn_r_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span class=\"marker2\">\u21911\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u8cfc\u8aad\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u300c0.3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300d\u306f\u3069\u3046\u6271\u3046\u304b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\uff08\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\uff09\u306f\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u3092\u76f8\u95a2\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3067\u8868\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c0.3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff08\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f0.32\u4ee5\u4e0a\u30010.4\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u76ee\u5b89\u306f\u5e83\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3053\u308c\u306f<strong>\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6163\u7fd2<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MIRT\u3067\u3053\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306b\u307e\u305a\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u305f\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001<code>mirt<\/code> \u304c\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<strong>\u8b58\u5225\u529b $a$ \u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8b58\u5225\u529b $a$ \u306f\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3001\u4e0a\u9650\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<code>summary()<\/code> \u306f\u3053\u308c\u3092<strong>\u6b63\u898f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\u5c3a\u5ea6\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf<\/strong> $\\lambda$ \u306b\u63db\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6b63\u898f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066S\u5b57\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u6d41\u5100\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u3067\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7269\u5dee\u3057\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff08\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u306f\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff09\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001<strong>0.3\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u76f8\u624b\u306f\u3001\u8b58\u5225\u529b $a$ \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f <code>summary()<\/code> \u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf $\\lambda$<\/strong> \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u9805\u76ee\u304c1\u56e0\u5b50\u3060\u3051\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u63db\u7b97\u5f0f\u306f $\\lambda = a \/ \\sqrt{1.702^2 + a^2}$ \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070 $a = 1.53$ \u306a\u3089 $\\lambda = 1.53 \/ \\sqrt{1.702^2 + 1.53^2} \\approx 0.67$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\uff08\u5f8c\u534a\u306eR\u306e\u4f8b\u306eQ1\u304c\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3002\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf $\\lambda$ \u306f\u22121\u301c1\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u9593\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u3082\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.3\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3067\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u5206\u6563\u306e\u7d049%\uff08$0.3^2$\uff09\u3057\u304b\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5c3a\u5ea6\u958b\u767a\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u3044\u5024\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u30700.4\u301c0.5\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u591a\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u3058\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u307b\u3069\u63a8\u5b9a\u306e\u3076\u308c\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3002\u5883\u754c\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306f\u300c0.29\u3060\u304b\u3089\u524a\u9664\u300d\u3068\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u305b\u305a\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001<strong>\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u3078\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u5341\u5206\u304b<\/strong>\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u4ed6\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3078\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u8ca0\u8377\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u304b<\/strong>\u3082\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>summary(..., suppress = 0.3)<\/code> \u306f\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u50240.3\u672a\u6e80\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3092<strong>\u8868\u793a\u4e0a<\/strong>\u96a0\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u63a8\u5b9a\u3084\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u305d\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u300c\u6b63\u898f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\u5c3a\u5ea6\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u300d\u3068\u306f<\/strong><br>\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3092\u8868\u3059S\u5b57\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u306b\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u6d41\u5100\u304c\u3042\u308b\u30021\u3064\u306f\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u5f0f\u3067\u4f7f\u3063\u305f<strong>\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u95a2\u6570<\/strong>\u3001\u3082\u30461\u3064\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3046<strong>\u6b63\u898f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\uff08normal ogive\uff09<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\uff08ogive\uff09\u306f\u300c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5206\u5e03\u306eS\u5b57\u66f2\u7dda\u300d\u3092\u6307\u3059\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30022\u3064\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30d6\u306f\u5f62\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u5074\u306e\u6a2a\u8ef8\u30921.702\u3067\u5272\u308b\u3068\u3001\u307b\u307c\u3074\u3063\u305f\u308a\u91cd\u306a\u308b\u3002\u30bb\u30f3\u30c1\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30c1\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001<strong>\u540c\u3058\u3082\u306e\u3092\u9055\u3046\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u3067\u6e2c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051<\/strong>\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u898f\u30aa\u30fc\u30b8\u30d6\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u300c\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u95be\u5024\u3067\u533a\u5207\u3089\u308c\u30660\u301c4\u70b9\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f\u3001<strong>\u305d\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u95a2<\/strong>\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u3002\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff08\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7269\u5dee\u3057\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u300c\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.3\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff1aIRT\u306e\u571f\u53f0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u4eee\u5b9a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/strong>\uff08local independence\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u306e\u5024\u304c\u540c\u3058\u4eba\u3060\u3051\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u306f\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u306a\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306e\u6210\u7e3e\u3067\u4f8b\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u5b66\u529b\u300d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u751f\u5f92\u3060\u3051\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u305f\u3089\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u3068\u56f3\u5f62\u554f\u984c\u306e\u6b63\u8aa4\u306f\u3082\u3046\u95a2\u4fc2\u3057\u306a\u3044\u306f\u305a\u3060\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u304c\u7834\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u3092<strong>\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58<\/strong>\uff08local dependence: LD\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u5834\u9762<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6587\u8a00\u3084\u5185\u5bb9\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u305f\u9805\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u300c\u968e\u6bb5\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5742\u9053\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u30da\u30a2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u540c\u3058\u5834\u9762\u30fb\u540c\u3058\u7d20\u6750\u3092\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u3058\u6587\u7ae0\u3084\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u7fa4\uff08\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\uff09\u3001\u540c\u3058\u751f\u6d3b\u5834\u9762\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u8cea\u554f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u524d\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u3078\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u304c\u5f8c\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee<\/strong>\uff1a\u8a2d\u554f1\u304c\u89e3\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8a2d\u554f2\u3082\u89e3\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u9023\u9396\u69cb\u9020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u653e\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4f3c\u305f\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u304c\u300c\u898b\u304b\u3051\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u300d\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u30fb\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u304c\u904e\u5927\u306b\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u304c\u904e\u5927\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u306eR\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q3\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u300c0.2\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57fa\u6e96\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u6307\u6a19\u304c\u3001Yen\uff081984\uff09\u306e<strong>Q3\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5404\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u5024\u304b\u3089\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u671f\u5f85\u5024\u3092\u5f15\u3044\u305f\u6b8b\u5dee\u3092\u9805\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u30da\u30a2\u3054\u3068\u306b\u305d\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3002<code>mirt<\/code> \u3067\u306f <code>residuals(mod, type = \"Q3\")<\/code> \u3067\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3082\u30461\u3064\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u6307\u6a19\u304c\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u30da\u30a2\u306e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u8868\u3067\u89b3\u6e2c\u5ea6\u6570\u3068\u671f\u5f85\u5ea6\u6570\u306e\u305a\u308c\u3092\u898b\u308b<strong>LD $\\chi^2$<\/strong>\uff08Chen &amp; Thissen, 1997\uff09\u3067\u3001<code>residuals(mod, type = \"LD\")<\/code> \u3067\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u50240.2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306a\u3089\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u7591\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001Christensen, Makransky &amp; Horton\uff082017\uff09\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u70b9\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u4fc3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u306f0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f<strong>\u8ca0\u306e\u5024<\/strong>\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b1\u56e0\u5b50\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u6570\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8ca0\u306e\u504f\u308a\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e00\u5f8b\u306e0.2\u3068\u3044\u3046\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u6570\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001<strong>Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c<\/strong>\uff08Q3\u306e\u6700\u5927\u5024\u2212Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u3002Q3*\uff09\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3001\u300c\u5e73\u5747\u3088\u308a0.2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u300d\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3092\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u306f\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30d6\u30fc\u30c8\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3054\u3068\u306e\u81e8\u754c\u5024\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u63a8\u5968\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30010.2\u306f\u300c\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u5408\u683c\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u5468\u308a\u306e\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u98db\u3073\u629c\u3051\u3066\u5927\u304d\u3044\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u63a2\u3059<\/strong>\u305f\u3081\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u5185\u5bb9\u9762\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u308b<\/strong>\uff1a\u6587\u8a00\u306e\u91cd\u8907\u3001\u5171\u901a\u306e\u5834\u9762\u306a\u3069\u3001\u306a\u305c\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u524a\u9664\u30fb\u7d71\u5408<\/strong>\uff1a\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u306a\u3089\u3001\u7247\u65b9\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5408\u8a08\u70b9\u30921\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u7fa4\u3060\u3051\u304c\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u300c\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u300d\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3001\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u5206\u3092\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u304b\u3089\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3059\uff08\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\u53c2\u7167\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u30fb\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u30fb\u30d0\u30a4\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/strong><br>\u300c\u968e\u6bb5\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5742\u9053\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u300c\u4e0a\u308a\u5742\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540c\u3058\u5834\u9762\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u300c2\u9805\u76ee\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u5171\u901a\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u3092\u3001\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5c02\u7528\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7f6e\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304c<strong>\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50<\/strong>\uff08specific factor\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u306f\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\uff08\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u30fb\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\uff09\u3068\u306f\u7121\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4f3c\u305f\u6587\u8a00\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d\u306f\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u53d7\u3051\u3001\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u306f\u300c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u300d\u3060\u3051\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6d17\u6fef\u7269\u3067\u4f8b\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30c7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u7d20\u6750\u306e2\u679a\u3092\u5225\u306e\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3066\u6d17\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u540c\u3058\u6d17\u6fef\u69fd\uff08\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u306f\u5165\u308c\u305f\u307e\u307e\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u6d17\u6fef\u7269\uff08\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\uff09\u3068\u7d61\u307e\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u5b66\u529b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u300c\u540c\u3058\u9577\u6587\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u8a2d\u554f\u7fa4\uff08\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6271\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u3054\u3068\u306b\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u30921\u3064\u7f6e\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u5185\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u306f\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u3078\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff09\u5236\u7d04\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u5f62\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<strong>\u30d0\u30a4\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u304c1\u3064\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3057\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5404\u9805\u76ee\u304c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b1\u3064\u306e\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u3082\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08Reise, 2012\uff09\u3002\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5236\u7d04\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u305f\u7279\u6b8a\u306a\u5834\u5408\u3068\u307f\u306a\u305b\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u306eStep 7\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u305f\u308b2\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066Q5\u30fbQ6\u3060\u3051\u306e\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u30921\u3064\u7f6e\u304d\u30012\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u5236\u7d04\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u540c\u3058\u767a\u60f3\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MIRT\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u524d\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3053\u3068<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u306e\u898b\u5f53<\/strong>\uff1a\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u3092\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\uff08\u9806\u5e8f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7528\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\uff09\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff08\u4e71\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u56e0\u5b50\u6570\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u306a\u3069\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\uff08\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u306fStep 2\u306e\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff09\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\u30821\u3064\u306e\u624b\u304c\u304b\u308a\u306b\u3059\u304e\u305a\u3001\u89e3\u91c8\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u6c7a\u3081\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1\u56e0\u5b50\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a1\u3064\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3092\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u63a8\u5b9a\u30fb\u89e3\u91c8\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u30823\u9805\u76ee\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306f\u6b32\u3057\u3044\u30022\u9805\u76ee\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u56e0\u5b50\u306f\u63a8\u5b9a\u304c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u30fb\u9805\u76ee\u6570\u30fb\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u6570\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u63a8\u5b9a\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u4eba\u6570\u306f\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3002\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u898f\u6a21\u304c\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u76ee\u5b89\u306b\u306a\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4f4e\u983b\u5ea6\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u5408\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u9069\u5408\u306f\u9650\u5b9a\u60c5\u5831\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\uff08$M_2$ \u7cfb; Maydeu-Olivares &amp; Joe, 2006\uff09\u3068RMSEA\u30fbSRMSR\u30fbCFI\u30fbTLI\u3067\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306e\u9069\u5408\u306f $S\\text{-}X^2$ \u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u306f\u5c24\u5ea6\u6bd4\u691c\u5b9a\u3084AIC\u30fbBIC\u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0a\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u305fQ3\u3084LD $\\chi^2$ \u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u3067MIRT\u3092\u5b9f\u8df5\u3059\u308b\uff1amirt\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u3088\u308b9\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u67b6\u7a7a\u306e\u6162\u6027\u75be\u60a3\u60a3\u8005500\u4eba\u304c\u56de\u7b54\u3057\u305f12\u9805\u76ee\u30fb5\u4ef6\u6cd5\uff080\u301c4\u70b9\u3001\u70b9\u6570\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u307b\u3069\u56f0\u308a\u3054\u3068\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\uff09\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3002Q1\u301cQ6\u306f\u300c\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff08PF\uff09\u300d\u3001Q7\u301cQ12\u306f\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\uff08MH\uff09\u300d\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u3067\u30012\u3064\u306e\u7279\u6027\u306b\u306f\u76f8\u95a2\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001Q5\u300c\u968e\u6bb5\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u3068Q6\u300c\u5742\u9053\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u306f\u6587\u8a00\u304c\u3088\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u30012\u9805\u76ee\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b<strong>\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58<\/strong>\u3092\u3042\u3048\u3066\u4ed5\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u51fa\u529b\u306f\u3001R 4.5.3\u3001mirt 1.47\u3001psych 2.6.9\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6e96\u5099\uff1a\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># install.packages(c(\"mirt\", \"psych\", \"GPArotation\"))\nlibrary(mirt)\nlibrary(psych)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>GPArotation<\/code> \u306f\u3001<code>mirt<\/code> \u304c\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\uff08oblimin\u30fbpromax\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u4f7f\u3046\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u306f\u4e0d\u8981\u3060\u304c\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1\uff1a\u7591\u4f3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># 12\u9805\u76ee\u30fb5\u4ef6\u6cd5\uff080\u301c4\u70b9\uff09\u306e\u60a3\u8005\u5831\u544a\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30ab\u30e0\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\n#   Q1\u301cQ6 \uff1a\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08PF\uff09\n#   Q7\u301cQ12\uff1a\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\uff08MH\uff09\n#   PF\u3068MH\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0.4\n#   Q5\u300c\u968e\u6bb5\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u3068Q6\u300c\u5742\u9053\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u306f\u6587\u8a00\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\n#   \u5171\u901a\u306e\u300c\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u300d\uff08\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\uff09\u3092\u6301\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\nset.seed(2026)\nn &lt;- 500\nJ &lt;- 12\na &lt;- matrix(0, J, 3)\na&#91;1:6, 1]  &lt;- c(1.8, 1.6, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.6)  # \u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\na&#91;7:12, 2] &lt;- c(2.0, 1.5, 1.7, 1.3, 1.6, 1.8)  # \u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u3078\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\na&#91;5:6, 3]  &lt;- 1.6                              # Q5\u3068Q6\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\nd &lt;- cbind(seq( 2.5,  1.5, length = J),\n           seq( 1.0,  0.0, length = J),\n           seq(-0.5, -1.0, length = J),\n           seq(-2.0, -2.8, length = J))         # \u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5207\u7247\nsigma &lt;- diag(3)\nsigma&#91;1, 2] &lt;- sigma&#91;2, 1] &lt;- 0.4\ndat &lt;- as.data.frame(simdata(a, d, n, itemtype = \"graded\", sigma = sigma))\nnames(dat) &lt;- paste0(\"Q\", 1:J)\nhead(dat)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>simdata()<\/code> \u306f <code>mirt<\/code> \u306b\u4ed8\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u751f\u6210\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3001\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u884c\u5217 <code>a<\/code>\u30fb\u5207\u7247\u884c\u5217 <code>d<\/code>\u30fb\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u884c\u5217 <code>sigma<\/code> \u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u56de\u7b54\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u30023\u5217\u76ee\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306fQ5\u3068Q6\u3060\u3051\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u300c\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u5171\u901a\u8981\u56e0\u300d\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u6b63\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2\uff1a\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u306e\u898b\u5f53\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff08\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>fa.parallel(dat, cor = \"poly\", fa = \"fa\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Parallel analysis suggests that the number of factors =  2  and the number of components =  NA<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"632\" height=\"481\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5014\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/image.png 632w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/image-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u3001\u4e71\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u30012\u56e0\u5b50\u307e\u3067\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u826f\u3044<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001<code>cor = \"poly\"<\/code> \u3067\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u60f3\u5b9a\u3069\u304a\u308a2\u56e0\u5b50\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790<\/strong><br><strong>\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u5909\u6570\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u6e2c\u308a\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30020\u301c4\u70b9\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u300c\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u95be\u5024\u3067\u533a\u5207\u3089\u308c\u30665\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u89b3\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u70b9\u6570\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u80cc\u5f8c\u306b\u3042\u308b\u9023\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u5909\u6570\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u76f8\u95a2<\/strong>\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u30025\u4ef6\u6cd5\u306e\u70b9\u6570\u306b\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u30d4\u30a2\u30bd\u30f3\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u306b\u4e38\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5206\u3060\u3051\u76f8\u95a2\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3081\u306b\u51fa\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u306f\u3053\u306e\u300c\u4e38\u3081\u306b\u3088\u308b\u76ee\u6e1b\u308a\u300d\u3092\u88dc\u6b63\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff08Horn, 1965\uff09\u306f\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u6570\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u884c\u5217\u304b\u3089\u56fa\u6709\u5024\uff08\u5404\u56e0\u5b50\u304c\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u5206\u6563\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\uff09\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u540c\u3058\u4eba\u6570\u30fb\u540c\u3058\u9805\u76ee\u6570\u3067<strong>\u9805\u76ee\u9593\u306b\u4f55\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3082\u306a\u3044\u4e71\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf<\/strong>\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u4f5c\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3082\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e71\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u3060\u3051\u3092\u300c\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6570\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9a12\u304c\u3057\u3044\u4f1a\u5834\u3067\u4eba\u306e\u58f0\u3092\u805e\u304d\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u307e\u305a\u300c\u4f1a\u5834\u306e\u3056\u308f\u3081\u304d\uff08\u4e71\u6570\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff09\u300d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u6e2c\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304d\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u304f\u805e\u3053\u3048\u308b\u58f0\u3060\u3051\u3092\u300c\u8ab0\u304b\u304c\u8a71\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u304c1\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3092\u6b8b\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ab\u30a4\u30b6\u30fc\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u3001\u3056\u308f\u3081\u304d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u8003\u3048\u305a\u306b\u4e00\u5f8b\u306e\u97f3\u91cf\u3067\u533a\u5207\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u3092\u591a\u304f\u898b\u7a4d\u3082\u308a\u3059\u304e\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<code>psych::fa.parallel()<\/code> \u306b <code>cor = \"poly\"<\/code> \u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3092\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u304b\u3089\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u305f\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u7684MIRT\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mod1 &lt;- mirt(dat, 1, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nmod2 &lt;- mirt(dat, 2, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod1, mod2)\n\nsummary(mod2, rotate = \"oblimin\", suppress = 0.3)  # mirt\u306e\u65e2\u5b9a\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\nsummary(mod2, rotate = \"promax\",  suppress = 0.3)  # \u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>          AIC    SABIC       HQ      BIC    logLik      X2 df p\nmod1 18208.39 18270.82 18307.62 18461.26 -9044.194\nmod2 17767.93 17841.81 17885.35 18067.17 -8812.965 462.458 11 0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u56e0\u5b50\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3088\u308a2\u56e0\u5b50\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u3001AIC\u30fbBIC\u3068\u3082\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u3001\u5c24\u5ea6\u6bd4\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u3082\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308a\u304c\u6539\u5584\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6b21\u306b\u30012\u56e0\u5b50\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u56de\u8ee2\u3057\u3066\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Rotation:  oblimin\n\nRotated factor loadings:\n\n       F1    F2    h2\nQ1        0.603 0.408\nQ2        0.628 0.428\nQ3        0.532 0.357\nQ4        0.562 0.436\nQ5        0.746 0.524\nQ6        0.799 0.596\nQ7  0.630       0.436\nQ8  0.532       0.289\nQ9  0.711       0.500\nQ10 0.585       0.351\nQ11 0.671       0.449\nQ12 0.723       0.505\n\nFactor correlations:\n\n      F1 F2\nF1 1.000\nF2 0.325  1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Rotation:  promax\n\nRotated factor loadings:\n\n       F1    F2    h2\nQ1        0.612 0.408\nQ2        0.639 0.428\nQ3        0.536 0.357\nQ4        0.563 0.436\nQ5        0.769 0.524\nQ6        0.825 0.596\nQ7  0.641       0.436\nQ8  0.545       0.289\nQ9  0.730       0.500\nQ10 0.599       0.351\nQ11 0.688       0.449\nQ12 0.744       0.505\n\nFactor correlations:\n\n     F1 F2\nF1 1.00\nF2 0.43  1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\u3067\u3082\u3001Q7\u301cQ12\u304c\u7b2c1\u56e0\u5b50\uff08F1\uff1d\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\uff09\u3001Q1\u301cQ6\u304c\u7b2c2\u56e0\u5b50\uff08F2\uff1d\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff09\u306b0.5\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u8ca0\u8377\u3057\u30010.3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u8ca0\u8377\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u756a\u53f7\uff08F1\u30fbF2\uff09\u306f\u63a8\u5b9a\u306e\u305f\u3073\u306b\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u308f\u308a\u3046\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001<strong>\u540d\u524d\u306f\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304b\u3089\u4ed8\u3051\u308b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u305f\u3044\u306e\u306f2\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021\u3064\u306f\u3001<strong>\u8ca0\u8377\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3082\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f\u56de\u8ee2\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u30660.33\uff08oblimin\uff09\u30680.43\uff08promax\uff09\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u308f\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3002\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f\u56de\u8ee2\u6cd5\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u306f\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u56de\u8ee2\u6cd5\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u660e\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3082\u30461\u3064\u306f\u3001Q5\u30fbQ6\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\uff080.75\u301c0.83\uff09\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u9805\u76ee\uff080.53\u301c0.64\uff09\u3088\u308a\u76ee\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300c\u826f\u3044\u9805\u76ee\u300d\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u306f\u4ed5\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08Step 6\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4\uff1a\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684MIRT\uff08\u56e0\u5b50\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>model_cfa &lt;- \"\n  PF = Q1-Q6\n  MH = Q7-Q12\n  COV = PF*MH\n\"\nmod_cfa &lt;- mirt(dat, model_cfa, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nsummary(mod_cfa)\n\n# \u53c2\u8003\uff1aCOV\u884c\u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\nmod_cfa0 &lt;- mirt(dat, \"PF = Q1-Q6\\nMH = Q7-Q12\", itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod_cfa0, mod_cfa)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>       PF    MH    h2\nQ1  0.670       0.448\nQ2  0.683       0.466\nQ3  0.612       0.374\nQ4  0.672       0.451\nQ5  0.659       0.434\nQ6  0.698       0.487\nQ7        0.665 0.443\nQ8        0.545 0.297\nQ9        0.707 0.500\nQ10       0.593 0.351\nQ11       0.665 0.442\nQ12       0.705 0.497\n\nFactor correlations:\n\n      PF MH\nPF 1.000\nMH 0.398  1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>              AIC    SABIC       HQ      BIC    logLik     X2 df p\nmod_cfa0 17833.01 17895.45 17932.24 18085.89 -8856.507\nmod_cfa  17783.70 17847.17 17884.58 18040.79 -8830.849 51.316  1 0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u3001<code>Q1-Q6<\/code> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9805\u76ee\u540d\u3067\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u3001<code>1-6<\/code> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5217\u756a\u53f7\u3067\u66f8\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<code>COV = PF*MH<\/code> \u304c\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7701\u3044\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08<code>mod_cfa0<\/code>\uff09\u306f\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u304c0\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u307e\u308a\u304c\u3088\u3044\uff08\u63a8\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0.40\uff09\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001<code>summary()<\/code> \u306b\u56de\u8ee2\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u306f\u4e0d\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5\uff1a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u5408\u5ea6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>M2(mod_cfa, type = \"C2\")\nitemfit(mod_cfa)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>           M2 df p RMSEA RMSEA_5 RMSEA_95 SRMSR   TLI   CFI\nstats 168.091 53 0 0.066   0.055    0.077 0.053 0.945 0.956<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   item    S_X2 df.S_X2 RMSEA.S_X2 p.S_X2\n1    Q1  91.479      97      0.000  0.639\n2    Q2 103.688      94      0.014  0.232\n...\n5    Q5 106.805      99      0.013  0.278\n6    Q6 101.349      95      0.012  0.309\n...\n12  Q12  93.421      91      0.007  0.410<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mirt<\/code>&nbsp;\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3092\u4f75\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3044\u672c\u6765\u306e $M_2$\uff08<code>type = \"M2\"<\/code>\uff09\u306f2\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u3057\u304b\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u591a\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b&nbsp;<code>M2()<\/code>&nbsp;\u3092\u5f15\u6570\u306a\u3057\u3067\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001\u65e2\u5b9a\u3067\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3092\u4f75\u5408\u3057\u305f $M_2^*$\uff08<code>type = \"M2*\"<\/code>\uff09\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u30012\u5909\u91cf\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u3060\u3051\u3092\u4f75\u5408\u3059\u308b $C_2$ \u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\uff08<code>type = \"C2\"<\/code>; Cai &amp; Monroe, 2014\uff09\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u51fa\u529b\u306e\u5217\u540d\u306f\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a&nbsp;<code>M2<\/code>&nbsp;\u3068\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3069\u306e&nbsp;<code>type<\/code>&nbsp;\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u304b\u306f\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u5074\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002RMSEA\u306f0.066\uff0890%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593 0.055\u301c0.077\uff09\u3067\u3001\u300c\u8a31\u5bb9\u7bc4\u56f2\u3060\u304c\u826f\u597d\u3068\u307e\u3067\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u300d\u6c34\u6e96\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9805\u76ee\u3054\u3068\u306e $S\\text{-}X^2$ \u306b\u306f\u76ee\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u306a\u304a\u3001\u540c\u3058\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u65e2\u5b9a\u306e&nbsp;<code>M2(mod_cfa)<\/code>\uff08\u3064\u307e\u308a $M_2^*$\uff09\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001$M_2^* = 18.8$\uff08df = 17\uff09\u3001p = 0.34\u3001RMSEA 0.015\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u691c\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<strong>1\u3064\u306e\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u6307\u6a19\u3060\u3051\u3067\u300c\u9069\u5408\u826f\u597d\u300d\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5927\u5207\u3067\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306e\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u304c\u307e\u3055\u306b\u305d\u306e\u88dc\u5b8c\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 6\uff1a\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\uff08Q3\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>q3 &lt;- residuals(mod_cfa, type = \"Q3\", verbose = FALSE)\nround(q3, 2)\nq3_pairs &lt;- q3&#91;lower.tri(q3)]\nmean(q3_pairs)                  # Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\uff080\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8ca0\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\nq3_star &lt;- q3 - mean(q3_pairs)  # \u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c\uff08Christensen et al., 2017\uff09\ndiag(q3_star) &lt;- NA\nwhich(q3_star &gt; 0.2, arr.ind = TRUE)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>       Q1    Q2    Q3    Q4    Q5    Q6    Q7    Q8    Q9   Q10   Q11   Q12\nQ1   1.00 -0.11 -0.11 -0.04 -0.27 -0.23 -0.14 -0.01 -0.04  0.02  0.02  0.09\nQ2  -0.11  1.00 -0.03 -0.11 -0.24 -0.28  0.08 -0.01  0.01 -0.09 -0.04 -0.04\nQ3  -0.11 -0.03  1.00 -0.17 -0.21 -0.23 -0.01 -0.07  0.01 -0.01  0.09  0.01\nQ4  -0.04 -0.11 -0.17  1.00 -0.28 -0.27  0.05  0.00  0.00  0.06  0.01 -0.04\nQ5  -0.27 -0.24 -0.21 -0.28  1.00  0.25  0.02 -0.05 -0.03 -0.02 -0.05 -0.05\nQ6  -0.23 -0.28 -0.23 -0.27  0.25  1.00  0.00  0.06 -0.08 -0.02 -0.08 -0.07\nQ7  -0.14  0.08 -0.01  0.05  0.02  0.00  1.00 -0.11 -0.14 -0.17 -0.27 -0.15\nQ8  -0.01 -0.01 -0.07  0.00 -0.05  0.06 -0.11  1.00 -0.20 -0.04 -0.03 -0.19\nQ9  -0.04  0.01  0.01  0.00 -0.03 -0.08 -0.14 -0.20  1.00 -0.14 -0.17 -0.20\nQ10  0.02 -0.09 -0.01  0.06 -0.02 -0.02 -0.17 -0.04 -0.14  1.00 -0.15 -0.14\nQ11  0.02 -0.04  0.09  0.01 -0.05 -0.08 -0.27 -0.03 -0.17 -0.15  1.00 -0.15\nQ12  0.09 -0.04  0.01 -0.04 -0.05 -0.07 -0.15 -0.19 -0.20 -0.14 -0.15  1.00\n\n&gt; mean(q3_pairs)\n&#91;1] -0.07616101\n\n&gt; which(q3_star &gt; 0.2, arr.ind = TRUE)\n   row col\nQ6   6   5\nQ5   5   6<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q5\u3068Q6\u306e\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0.25\u3067\u3001\u5168\u30da\u30a2\u306e\u5e73\u5747\uff08\u22120.076\uff09\u3088\u308a\u7d040.33\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c\u304c0.2\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3053\u306e1\u30da\u30a2\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u4ed5\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u691c\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u8868\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3082\u30461\u3064\u5927\u4e8b\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u540c\u3058\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u591a\u304f\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070Q7\u301cQ12\u306e\u9593\uff09\u304c\u3001\u22120.1\u301c\u22120.3\u3068\u3044\u3046<strong>\u8ca0\u306e\u5024<\/strong>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021\u56e0\u5b50\u3042\u305f\u308a6\u9805\u76ee\u3068\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u3067\u3082Q3\u304c\u8ca0\u306b\u504f\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u3053\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u300cQ3\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u50240.2\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300d\u3092\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8ca0\u306e\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u95a2\u307e\u3067\u300c\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u7591\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u62fe\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c\u3067\u898b\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u304b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5224\u65ad\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 7\uff1a\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u51e6\uff08\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>model_ld &lt;- \"\n  PF = Q1-Q6\n  MH = Q7-Q12\n  S56 = Q5, Q6\n  COV = PF*MH\n  CONSTRAIN = (Q5, Q6, a3)\n\"\nmod_ld &lt;- mirt(dat, model_ld, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod_cfa, mod_ld)\nsummary(mod_ld)\nM2(mod_ld, type = \"C2\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>             AIC    SABIC       HQ      BIC    logLik     X2 df p\nmod_cfa 17783.70 17847.17 17884.58 18040.79 -8830.849\nmod_ld  17692.75 17757.27 17795.29 17954.06 -8784.376 92.947  1 0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>       PF    MH   S56    h2\nQ1  0.691             0.478\nQ2  0.712             0.507\nQ3  0.628             0.395\nQ4  0.701             0.491\nQ5  0.552       0.612 0.679\nQ6  0.594       0.591 0.701\nQ7        0.665       0.442\n...\n\nFactor correlations:\n\n       PF MH S56\nPF  1.000\nMH  0.429  1\nS56 0.000  0   1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>          M2 df     p RMSEA RMSEA_5 RMSEA_95 SRMSR   TLI   CFI\nstats 67.517 52 0.073 0.024       0     0.04 0.036 0.992 0.994<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q5\u3068Q6\u3060\u3051\u304c\u8ca0\u8377\u3059\u308b\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50 <code>S56<\/code> \u3092\u52a0\u3048\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u3068\u7121\u76f8\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u30012\u9805\u76ee\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u8b58\u5225\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b2\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3092\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u5236\u7d04\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08<code>CONSTRAIN<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u540c\u3058\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u660e\u5feb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002AIC\u30fbBIC\u3068\u3082\u5927\u304d\u304f\u6539\u5584\u3057\u3001RMSEA\u306f0.066\u304b\u30890.024\u306b\u4e0b\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001Q5\u30fbQ6\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08PF\uff09\u3078\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f0.66\u30fb0.70\u304b\u3089<strong>0.55\u30fb0.59<\/strong>\u306b\u4e0b\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u305f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u300c2\u9805\u76ee\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u4f3c\u305f\u6587\u8a00\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u300d\u307e\u3067\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u3068\u53d6\u308a\u9055\u3048\u3001Q5\u30fbQ6\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u300c\u3088\u304f\u6e2c\u308c\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u300d\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5c3a\u5ea6\u958b\u767a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001Q5\u3068Q6\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u30022\u9805\u76ee\u304c\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5c0b\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u306e\u8ca0\u62c5\u3082\u6e1b\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u964d\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7\u306f\u3001\u5143\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08<code>mod_cfa<\/code>\uff09\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 8\uff1a\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u89e3\u91c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>coef(mod_cfa, simplify = TRUE)$items\ndata.frame(MDISC = MDISC(mod_cfa), round(MDIFF(mod_cfa), 2))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>          a1       a2       d1         d2         d3        d4\nQ1  1.534419 0.000000 2.365458 1.17165952 -0.2419350 -1.686931\nQ2  1.590042 0.000000 2.534790 0.70819580 -0.5550758 -2.377784\n...\nQ12 0.000000 1.691522 1.528351 0.09995998 -1.0835771 -2.905915<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>       MDISC MDIFF_1 MDIFF_2 MDIFF_3 MDIFF_4\nQ1  1.534419   -1.54   -0.76    0.16    1.10\nQ2  1.590042   -1.59   -0.45    0.35    1.50\n...\nQ12 1.691522   -0.90   -0.06    0.64    1.72<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>a1<\/code>\u30fb<code>a2<\/code> \u306f\u5404\u56e0\u5b50\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u3001<code>d1<\/code>\u301c<code>d4<\/code> \u306f5\u3064\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u9593\u306b\u3042\u308b4\u3064\u306e\u5883\u76ee\uff080|1\u30011|2\u30012|3\u30013|4\uff09\u306e\u5207\u7247\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9805\u76ee1\u3064\u306b\u3064\u304d\u300c\u56f0\u96e3\u5ea6\u300d\u304c1\u3064\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u5883\u76ee\u306e\u6570\u3060\u3051\u3042\u308b<\/strong>\u70b9\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8b58\u5225\u529b $a$<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u7279\u6027\u306e\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306a\u9055\u3044\u3067\u56de\u7b54\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u4eba\u3092\u92ed\u654f\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9805\u76ee\u7279\u6027\u66f2\u7dda\u306e\u50be\u304d\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5207\u7247 $d$<\/strong>\uff1a<code>mirt<\/code> \u306f $a\\theta + d$ \u3068\u3044\u3046\u5207\u7247\u578b\u3067\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5024\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u9078\u3073\u3084\u3059\u3044\uff08\uff1d\u53cd\u5fdc\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u56f0\u96e3\u5ea6 $b$<\/strong>\uff1a1\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306a\u3089 $b = -d\/a$ \u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5883\u76ee\u309250%\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u8d8a\u3048\u308b\u7279\u6027\u5024\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<code>coef(mod, IRTpars = TRUE)<\/code> \u3067\u8868\u793a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u306f1\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u5834\u5408\uff08MDISC\u30fbMDIFF\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u30921\u3064\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u305f $\\text{MDISC} = \\sqrt{\\sum_k a_k^2}$ \u3068\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u56f0\u96e3\u5ea6 $\\text{MDIFF}_k = -d_k\/\\text{MDISC}$ \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\uff08Reckase, 2009\uff09\u3002\u672c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b1\u9805\u76ee1\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u306f\u3001MDISC\u306f\u305d\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306e $a$ \u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3001MDIFF\u306f1\u6b21\u5143\u306e $b$ \u3068\u540c\u3058\u610f\u5473\u306b\u306a\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc<\/strong>\uff1aQ1\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b $a = 1.53$ \u3092\u524d\u534a\u306e\u63db\u7b97\u5f0f $\\lambda = a \/ \\sqrt{1.702^2 + a^2}$ \u306b\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3068 $\\lambda \\approx 0.67$ \u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001Step 4\u306e <code>summary(mod_cfa)<\/code> \u306b\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305fQ1\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.670\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002<code>coef()<\/code> \u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u3068 <code>summary()<\/code> \u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u9055\u3046\u76ee\u76db\u308a\u3067\u8868\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u3048\u3070Q1\u306eMDIFF\u306f \u22121.54\u3001\u22120.76\u30010.16\u30011.10\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4f4e\u4e0b\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u304c\u5e73\u5747\u3088\u308a1.54SD\u4f4e\u3044\u4eba\u3067\u3082\u300150%\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u300c1\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u300d\u3092\u9078\u3076\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u300c4\u70b9\uff08\u6700\u3082\u56f0\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u300d\u3092\u9078\u3076\u78ba\u7387\u304c50%\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u3088\u308a1.10SD\u9ad8\u3044\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 9\uff1a\u56e0\u5b50\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\uff08\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u5024\uff09\u3068\u4fe1\u983c\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>fs &lt;- fscores(mod_cfa, method = \"EAP\", full.scores.SE = TRUE)\nhead(fs)\nempirical_rxx(fs)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>             PF         MH     SE_PF     SE_MH\n&#91;1,]  0.7691873  1.6640378 0.4233182 0.4532055\n&#91;2,] -0.5362304 -0.6184299 0.4637105 0.4186779\n&#91;3,]  0.7361811 -0.1311913 0.4340923 0.3937074\n...\n\n       PF        MH\n0.8027752 0.7945553<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>fscores()<\/code> \u306f\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u3054\u3068\u306e\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u5024\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306fEAP\uff08\u4e8b\u5f8c\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5e73\u5747\uff09\u63a8\u5b9a\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001<code>full.scores.SE = TRUE<\/code> \u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u8aa4\u5dee\u3082\u51fa\u529b\u3057\u305f\u3002<code>empirical_rxx()<\/code> \u306f\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5206\u6563\u3068\u6a19\u6e96\u8aa4\u5dee\u304b\u3089\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u7d4c\u9a13\u7684\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u3067\u3001PF\u304c0.80\u3001MH\u304c0.79\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IRT\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306f\u7279\u6027\u5024\u306e\u6c34\u6e96\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u304c\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u306f\u7cbe\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u30021\u3064\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u4fc2\u6570\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u8aa4\u5dee\uff08<code>SE_PF<\/code> \u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u56de\u7b54\u8005\u3054\u3068\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u610f\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u82f1\u6587\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306f\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u7591\u4f3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3054\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u307b\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Item responses were analyzed using multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) with the graded response model, implemented in the mirt package (version 1.47; Chalmers, 2012) in R (version 4.5.3). The number of dimensions was first examined by parallel analysis based on polychoric correlations. An exploratory two-dimensional model was estimated, and the loadings were obliquely rotated (oblimin and promax rotations) to aid interpretation; loadings of 0.30 or greater were considered salient. A confirmatory two-dimensional model, in which items 1\u20136 loaded on physical function and items 7\u201312 on psychological burden and the two factors were allowed to correlate, was then fitted. Overall model fit was assessed with the C2 statistic, RMSEA, SRMSR, CFI, and TLI, and item fit with the S-X2 statistic. Local dependence was evaluated with Yen&#8217;s Q3 statistic; item pairs whose Q3 exceeded the average Q3 by more than 0.20 were flagged (Christensen et al., 2017).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parallel analysis suggested two dimensions. In the confirmatory two-dimensional model, all standardized loadings ranged from 0.55 to 0.71, and the correlation between the two factors was 0.40. Model fit was acceptable (C2 = 168.1, df = 53; RMSEA = 0.066, 90% CI 0.055\u20130.077; SRMSR = 0.053; CFI = 0.956; TLI = 0.945). One item pair (items 5 and 6, which had similar wording) showed local dependence (Q3 = 0.25, compared with an average Q3 of \u22120.08). Adding a specific factor for this item pair improved model fit (RMSEA = 0.024; CFI = 0.994) and reduced the loadings of items 5 and 6 on physical function from 0.66 and 0.70 to 0.55 and 0.59, respectively.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u548c\u8a33\uff08Methods\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08MIRT\uff09\u3067\u89e3\u6790\u3057\u305f\uff08R 4.5.3\u3001mirt\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b81.47\uff09\u3002\u307e\u305a\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u30b3\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u95a2\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3067\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u63a2\u7d22\u76842\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u89e3\u91c8\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u659c\u4ea4\u56de\u8ee2\uff08\u30aa\u30d6\u30ea\u30df\u30f3\u56de\u8ee2\u30fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2\uff09\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.30\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u9855\u8457\u306a\u8ca0\u8377\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u9805\u76ee1\u301c6\u304c\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3001\u9805\u76ee7\u301c12\u304c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u306b\u8ca0\u8377\u3057\u30012\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u78ba\u8a8d\u76842\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u306f\u3081\u305f\u3002\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u9069\u5408\u306f C2\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u30fbRMSEA\u30fbSRMSR\u30fbCFI\u30fbTLI\u3067\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u9069\u5408\u306f S-X2\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u3067\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306fYen\u306eQ3\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u3067\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3001Q3\u304cQ3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u3088\u308a0.20\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u9805\u76ee\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u306e\u7591\u3044\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u548c\u8a33\uff08Results\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\u306f2\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u305f\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u76842\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f0.55\u301c0.71\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0.40\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u5408\u306f\u8a31\u5bb9\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08C2 = 168.1\u3001df = 53\u3001RMSEA = 0.066 [90%CI 0.055\u301c0.077]\u3001SRMSR = 0.053\u3001CFI = 0.956\u3001TLI = 0.945\uff09\u3002\u6587\u8a00\u306e\u4f3c\u305f1\u7d44\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u30da\u30a2\uff08\u9805\u76ee5\u30686\uff09\u306b\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u305f\uff08Q3 = 0.25\u3001Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u306f\u22120.08\uff09\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u30da\u30a2\u306b\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3068\u9069\u5408\u304c\u6539\u5584\u3057\uff08RMSEA = 0.024\u3001CFI = 0.994\uff09\u3001\u9805\u76ee5\u30fb6\u306e\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c0.66\u30fb0.70\u304b\u30890.55\u30fb0.59\u306b\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MIRT\u306f\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6271\u3048\u308bIRT\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9806\u5e8f\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u3068\u307b\u307c\u540c\u3058\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5\u4ef6\u6cd5\u306a\u3069\u306e\u591a\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u306f <code>itemtype = \"graded\"<\/code>\u30012\u5024\u9805\u76ee\u306b\u306f <code>\"2PL\"<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u5b50\u56de\u8ee2\uff08oblimin\u30fbpromax\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306f<strong>\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u306f\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u306a\u304f\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f <code>COV<\/code> \u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30680\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56e0\u5b50\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf0.3\u306f\u6163\u7fd2\u7684\u306a\u76ee\u5b89\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4ea4\u5dee\u8ca0\u8377\u3084\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3068\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Q3\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u5024\u300c0.2\u300d\u306e\u6163\u4f8b\u306f\u3001Q3\u304c\u8ca0\u306b\u504f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8e0f\u307e\u3048\u3001<strong>\u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c<\/strong>\u3067\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3088\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3092\u653e\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a72\u5f53\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u8ca0\u8377\u91cf\u3084\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u304c\u3086\u304c\u3080\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3001\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u524a\u9664\u3084\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u62ec\u30b3\u30d4\u30da\u7528R\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08MIRT\uff09\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u5b9f\u8df5\uff1amirt\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u6d41\u308c\n# \u52d5\u4f5c\u78ba\u8a8d\uff1aR 4.5.3 \/ mirt 1.47 \/ psych 2.6.9\n\n# install.packages(c(\"mirt\", \"psych\", \"GPArotation\"))\nlibrary(mirt)\nlibrary(psych)\n\n# ---- Step 1\uff1a\u7591\u4f3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4f5c\u6210 ----\n# 12\u9805\u76ee\u30fb5\u4ef6\u6cd5\uff080\u301c4\u70b9\uff09\u306e\u60a3\u8005\u5831\u544a\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30ab\u30e0\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\n#   Q1\u301cQ6 \uff1a\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08PF\uff09\n#   Q7\u301cQ12\uff1a\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\uff08MH\uff09\n#   PF\u3068MH\u306e\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0.4\n#   Q5\u300c\u968e\u6bb5\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u3068Q6\u300c\u5742\u9053\u3092\u4e0a\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3064\u3089\u3044\u300d\u306f\u6587\u8a00\u304c\u4f3c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\n#   \u5171\u901a\u306e\u300c\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u300d\uff08\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\uff09\u3092\u6301\u305f\u305b\u3066\u3044\u308b\nset.seed(2026)\nn &lt;- 500\nJ &lt;- 12\na &lt;- matrix(0, J, 3)\na&#91;1:6, 1]  &lt;- c(1.8, 1.6, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.6)  # \u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u3078\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\na&#91;7:12, 2] &lt;- c(2.0, 1.5, 1.7, 1.3, 1.6, 1.8)  # \u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u3078\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u529b\na&#91;5:6, 3]  &lt;- 1.6                              # Q5\u3068Q6\u3060\u3051\u304c\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\nd &lt;- cbind(seq( 2.5,  1.5, length = J),\n           seq( 1.0,  0.0, length = J),\n           seq(-0.5, -1.0, length = J),\n           seq(-2.0, -2.8, length = J))         # \u6bb5\u968e\u53cd\u5fdc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5207\u7247\nsigma &lt;- diag(3)\nsigma&#91;1, 2] &lt;- sigma&#91;2, 1] &lt;- 0.4\ndat &lt;- as.data.frame(simdata(a, d, n, itemtype = \"graded\", sigma = sigma))\nnames(dat) &lt;- paste0(\"Q\", 1:J)\nhead(dat)\n\n# ---- Step 2\uff1a\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u306e\u898b\u5f53\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\uff08\u5e73\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff09 ----\nfa.parallel(dat, cor = \"poly\", fa = \"fa\")\n\n# ---- Step 3\uff1a\u63a2\u7d22\u7684MIRT\uff08\u9805\u76ee\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff09 ----\nmod1 &lt;- mirt(dat, 1, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nmod2 &lt;- mirt(dat, 2, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod1, mod2)\n\nsummary(mod2, rotate = \"oblimin\", suppress = 0.3)  # mirt\u306e\u65e2\u5b9a\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\nsummary(mod2, rotate = \"promax\",  suppress = 0.3)  # \u30d7\u30ed\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u56de\u8ee2\n\n# ---- Step 4\uff1a\u78ba\u8a8d\u7684MIRT\uff08\u56e0\u5b50\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\uff09 ----\nmodel_cfa &lt;- \"\n  PF = Q1-Q6\n  MH = Q7-Q12\n  COV = PF*MH\n\"\nmod_cfa &lt;- mirt(dat, model_cfa, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nsummary(mod_cfa)\n\n# \u53c2\u8003\uff1aCOV\u884c\u3092\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3068\u56e0\u5b50\u9593\u76f8\u95a2\u306f0\u306b\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\nmod_cfa0 &lt;- mirt(dat, \"PF = Q1-Q6\\nMH = Q7-Q12\", itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod_cfa0, mod_cfa)\n\n# ---- Step 5\uff1a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u9069\u5408\u5ea6 ----\nM2(mod_cfa, type = \"C2\")\nitemfit(mod_cfa)\n\n# ---- Step 6\uff1a\u5c40\u6240\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\uff08Q3\uff09 ----\nq3 &lt;- residuals(mod_cfa, type = \"Q3\", verbose = FALSE)\nround(q3, 2)\nq3_pairs &lt;- q3&#91;lower.tri(q3)]\nmean(q3_pairs)                  # Q3\u306e\u5e73\u5747\uff080\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8ca0\u306b\u306a\u308b\uff09\nq3_star &lt;- q3 - mean(q3_pairs)  # \u5e73\u5747\u304b\u3089\u306e\u305a\u308c\uff08Christensen et al., 2017\uff09\ndiag(q3_star) &lt;- NA\nwhich(q3_star &gt; 0.2, arr.ind = TRUE)\n\n# ---- Step 7\uff1a\u5c40\u6240\u4f9d\u5b58\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u51e6\uff08Q5\u30fbQ6\u306b\u7279\u6b8a\u56e0\u5b50\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\uff09 ----\nmodel_ld &lt;- \"\n  PF = Q1-Q6\n  MH = Q7-Q12\n  S56 = Q5, Q6\n  COV = PF*MH\n  CONSTRAIN = (Q5, Q6, a3)\n\"\nmod_ld &lt;- mirt(dat, model_ld, itemtype = \"graded\", verbose = FALSE)\nanova(mod_cfa, mod_ld)\nsummary(mod_ld)\nM2(mod_ld, type = \"C2\")\n\n# ---- Step 8\uff1a\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u89e3\u91c8 ----\ncoef(mod_cfa, simplify = TRUE)$items\ndata.frame(MDISC = MDISC(mod_cfa), round(MDIFF(mod_cfa), 2))\n\n# ---- Step 9\uff1a\u56e0\u5b50\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\uff08\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u6027\u5024\uff09\u3068\u4fe1\u983c\u6027 ----\nfs &lt;- fscores(mod_cfa, method = \"EAP\", full.scores.SE = TRUE)\nhead(fs)\nempirical_rxx(fs)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u304a\u3059\u3059\u3081\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u52a0\u85e4\u5065\u592a\u90ce\u30fb\u5c71\u7530\u525b\u53f2\u30fb\u5ddd\u7aef\u4e00\u5149\u300eR\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\u300f\u30aa\u30fc\u30e0\u793e, 2014. 1\u6b21\u5143IRT\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u304b\u3089\u591a\u6b21\u5143IRT\u307e\u3067\u3001R\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u5b66\u3079\u308b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9a\u756a\u66f8\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/link.amazon\/B0as6iMFw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u3067\u898b\u308b<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8c4a\u7530\u79c0\u6a39\u300e\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff3b\u5165\u9580\u7de8\uff3d\uff08\u7b2c2\u7248\uff09\u300f\u671d\u5009\u66f8\u5e97, 2012. \u9805\u76ee\u7279\u6027\u66f2\u7dda\u3084\u8b58\u5225\u529b\u30fb\u56f0\u96e3\u5ea6\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u305f\u5165\u9580\u66f8\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/link.amazon\/B02ldvJEz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u3067\u898b\u308b<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reckase MD. Multidimensional Item Response Theory. Springer; 2009. MDISC\u30fbMDIFF\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u5143IRT\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u305f\u5c02\u9580\u66f8\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/link.amazon\/B0hzbzuc9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon\u3067\u898b\u308b<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chalmers RP. mirt: A multidimensional item response theory package for the R environment. <em>Journal of Statistical Software<\/em>. 2012;48(6):1\u201329. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v048.i06\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.18637\/jss.v048.i06<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Samejima F. Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores. <em>Psychometrika Monograph Supplement<\/em>. 1969;34(4, Pt. 2):1\u201397. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/psychometrika\/article\/abs\/estimation-of-latent-ability-using-a-response-pattern-of-graded-scores\/87C005F61264FD8360992A8D0FC3FDE0\">https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/psychometrika\/article\/abs\/estimation-of-latent-ability-using-a-response-pattern-of-graded-scores\/87C005F61264FD8360992A8D0FC3FDE0<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wirth RJ, Edwards MC. Item factor analysis: Current approaches and future directions. <em>Psychological Methods<\/em>. 2007;12(1):58\u201379. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1082-989X.12.1.58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1037\/1082-989X.12.1.58<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reckase MD. <em>Multidimensional Item Response Theory<\/em>. New York: Springer; 2009. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-89976-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1007\/978-0-387-89976-3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horn JL. A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. <em>Psychometrika<\/em>. 1965;30(2):179\u2013185. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02289447\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1007\/BF02289447<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hendrickson AE, White PO. Promax: A quick method for rotation to oblique simple structure. <em>British Journal of Statistical Psychology<\/em>. 1964;17(1):65\u201370. <a href=\"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.2044-8317.1964.tb00244.x\">https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/j.2044-8317.1964.tb00244.x<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reise SP. The rediscovery of bifactor measurement models. <em>Multivariate Behavioral Research<\/em>. 2012;47(5):667\u2013696. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00273171.2012.715555\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00273171.2012.715555<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yen WM. Effects of local item dependence on the fit and equating performance of the three-parameter logistic model. <em>Applied Psychological Measurement<\/em>. 1984;8(2):125\u2013145. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/014662168400800201\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/014662168400800201<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chen WH, Thissen D. Local dependence indexes for item pairs using item response theory. <em>Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics<\/em>. 1997;22(3):265\u2013289. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.3102\/10769986022003265\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.3102\/10769986022003265<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Christensen KB, Makransky G, Horton M. Critical values for Yen&#8217;s Q3: Identification of local dependence in the Rasch model using residual correlations. <em>Applied Psychological Measurement<\/em>. 2017;41(3):178\u2013194. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0146621616677520\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1177\/0146621616677520<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maydeu-Olivares A, Joe H. Limited information goodness-of-fit testing in multidimensional contingency tables. <em>Psychometrika<\/em>. 2006;71(4):713\u2013732. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/psychometrika\/article\/abs\/limited-information-goodnessoffit-testing-in-multidimensional-contingency-tables\/0F1F1D804120FD8E7B15E0812E7C3BB3\">https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/psychometrika\/article\/abs\/limited-information-goodnessoffit-testing-in-multidimensional-contingency-tables\/0F1F1D804120FD8E7B15E0812E7C3BB3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cai L, Monroe S. A new statistic for evaluating item response theory models for ordinal data. CRESST Report 839. Los Angeles: University of California, National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST); 2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/cresst.org\/publication\/a-new-statistic-for-evaluating-item-response-theory-models-for-ordinal-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CRESST<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reeve BB, Hays RD, Bjorner JB, et al. Psychometric evaluation and calibration of health-related quality of life item banks: Plans for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). <em>Medical Care<\/em>. 2007;45(5 Suppl 1):S22\u2013S31. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17443115\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PubMed<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7814\u7a76\u8005: 12\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u60a3\u8005\u5831\u544a\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30ab\u30e0\uff08PRO\uff09\u8cea\u554f\u7968\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u8eab\u4f53\u6a5f\u80fd\u300d\u3068\u300c\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u8ca0\u62c5\u300d\u306e2\u3064\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u3064\u3082\u308a\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u6b21\u5143\u9805\u76ee\u53cd\u5fdc\u7406\u8ad6\uff08MIRT\uff09\u3067\u5206\u6790\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u3067\u898b\u3064\u3051\u305f\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u305f\u3089 it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[157],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-157"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4403"}],"version-history":[{"count":38,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5087,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4403\/revisions\/5087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4403"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4403"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4403"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}