{"id":4638,"date":"2026-08-04T21:31:11","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T12:31:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/?p=4638"},"modified":"2026-08-04T21:31:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T12:31:12","slug":"clinical-data-preprocessing-in-r-essential-string-manipulation-techniques-concatenation-extraction-replacement-and-padding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/clinical-data-preprocessing-in-r-essential-string-manipulation-techniques-concatenation-extraction-replacement-and-padding\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u3067\u81e8\u5e8a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u524d\u51e6\u7406\uff01\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u7d50\u5408\u30fb\u62bd\u51fa\u30fb\u7f6e\u63db\u30fb\u6841\u63c3\u3048\uff09\u9244\u677f\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u3010\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u3011<\/strong> > \u96fb\u5b50\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u3084\u30a2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305fcsv\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092R\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u6b62\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u2026\u2026\u3002\u300c120 mmHg\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u4ed8\u304d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3069\u3046\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u3010\u7d71\u8a08ER\u304b\u3089\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u3011<\/strong> > \u81e8\u5e8a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u89e3\u6790\u306b\u8cbb\u3084\u3059\u7dcf\u6642\u9593\u306e7\u301c8\u5272\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\uff08\u524d\u51e6\u7406\uff09\u300f<\/span>\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3042\u305b\u3063\u3066 as.numeric()<\/code> \u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\uff08NA\u5316\u3059\u308b\uff09\u7f60\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u307e\u305a\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u306e\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u30de\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff01<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u5b50\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u3084\u30a2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u969b\u3001\u300c\u3055\u3042\u3001\u3055\u3063\u305d\u304ft\u691c\u5b9a\u3084\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u89e3\u6790\u3092\u884c\u304a\u3046\u300d\u3068R\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3066\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u305f<\/strong>\u7d4c\u9a13\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c120 mmHg\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5358\u4f4d\u304c\u6df7\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5168\u89d2\u3068\u534a\u89d2\u304c\u4e0d\u7d71\u4e00\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001ID\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306e\u6841\u6570\u304c\u63c3\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u96e3\u89e3\u306a\u300c\u6b63\u898f\u8868\u73fe\uff08Regular Expression\uff09\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7406\u8ad6\u300d\u306b\u6df1\u5165\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u983b\u767a\u3059\u308b\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u30b3\u30d4\u30da\u3067\u89e3\u6c7a\u3067\u304d\u308bR\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\uff08\u4e3b\u306b\u76f4\u611f\u7684\u306a stringr<\/code> \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\uff09\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u524d\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u30b5\u30af\u30c3\u306810\u5206\u3067\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u305b\u3001\u672c\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u3078\u9032\u3082\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\u306a\u305cR\u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1f\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u3068NA\u306e\u7f60\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u5b57\u578b\uff08character\uff09\u3068\u6570\u5024\u578b\uff08numeric\uff09\u306e\u9055\u3044<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

R\u3067\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u3092\u884c\u3046\u969b\u3001\u6700\u3082\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u539f\u5247\u306f\u300c\u6570\u5024\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u6587\u5b57\u3084\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u6570\u5024\u578b\uff08numeric\uff09\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u8840\u5727\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u300c120\u300d\u3068\u5165\u529b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070R\u306f\u6570\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u304c\u3001\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u304b\u3089\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u300c120 mmHg\u300d\u3084\u300c 120\u300d\uff08\u5148\u982d\u306b\u7a7a\u767d\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001R\u306f\u4e00\u5f8b\u3067\u6587\u5b57\u578b\uff08character\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u5b57\u578b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3067\u306f\u3001mean()<\/code>\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u5024\uff09\u3084 t.test()<\/code>\uff08t\u691c\u5b9a\uff09\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u51fa\u529b\u3055\u308c\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u4e2d\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u4f8b\nError in mean.default(data$sbp) : argument is not numeric or logical\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u305b\u305a\u306b as.numeric()<\/code> \u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u5371\u967a\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u3053\u3067\u300cas.numeric()<\/code> \u95a2\u6570\u3067\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306b\u6570\u5024\u578b\u3078\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u7126\u3063\u3066\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306e\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5371\u967a<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
⚠️ \u6ce8\u610f\uff01\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u6d88\u6ec5\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7<\/strong> > \u6587\u5b57\u5217\uff08\u300cmmHg\u300d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u304c\u6df7\u5728\u3057\u305f\u307e\u307e as.numeric()<\/code> \u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001R\u306f\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u6570\u5024\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b NA<\/code>\uff08\u6b20\u640d\u5024\uff09\u3078\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
sbp <- c(\"120 mmHg\", \"135\", \"142 mmHg\")\nas.numeric(sbp)\n\n# [1] NA 135 NA\n# \u8b66\u544a\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8: NAs introduced by coercion\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u300c120 mmHg\u300d\u3084\u300c142 mmHg\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5143\u3005\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u75c7\u4f8b\u304c\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066 NA<\/code>\uff08\u6b20\u640d\u5024\uff09\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3055\u308c\u6d88\u6ec5\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046<\/strong>\u306e\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\u81e8\u5e8a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u610f\u56f3\u305b\u305a\u6d88\u5931\u3059\u308b\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u3092\u9632\u3050\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3082\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u7dba\u9e97\u306b\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d7<\/strong>\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\uff01R\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u306e\u9244\u677f5\u5927\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
R\u3067\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u884c\u3046\u969b\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u95a2\u6570\uff08Base R\uff09\u3067\u3082\u8a18\u8ff0\u53ef\u80fd\u3060\u304c\u3001\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f tidyverse<\/code> \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u7fa4\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b stringr<\/code> \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8<\/strong> \u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u3092\u63a8\u5968\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
stringr<\/code> \u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066 str_<\/code><\/strong> \u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8996\u8a8d\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f15\u6570\u304c\u300c\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u300d\u3067\u7d71\u4e00\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\uff08%>%<\/code> \u3084 |><\/code>\uff09\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u6027\u304c\u629c\u7fa4\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3042\u3089\u304b\u3058\u3081\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3067\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\uff08tidyverse\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\nlibrary(tidyverse)\n# \u307e\u305f\u306f\u500b\u5225\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\uff1alibrary(stringr)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
1. \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u306e\u7d50\u5408\uff08str_c<\/code> \/ paste0<\/code>\uff09\uff1aID\u4f5c\u6210\u3084\u65bd\u8a2d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u7d50\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u65bd\u8a2d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u300cA\u300d\u3068\u60a3\u8005\u901a\u3057\u756a\u53f7\u300c001\u300d\u304c\u5225\u3005\u306e\u5217\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u9023\u7d50\u3057\u3066\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u300c\u89e3\u6790\u7528\u75c7\u4f8bID\uff08A-001\uff09\u300d\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u9762\u306f\u591a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\uff1astr_c()<\/code> \uff08\u57fa\u672c\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070 paste0()<\/code>\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
facility <- c(\"A\", \"A\", \"B\")\npatient_id <- c(\"001\", \"002\", \"001\")\n\n# \u533a\u5207\u308a\u6587\u5b57\uff08sep\uff09\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u7d50\u5408\nsub_id <- str_c(facility, patient_id, sep = \"-\")\nprint(sub_id)\n\n# \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c:\n# [1] \"A-001\" \"A-002\" \"B-001\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n
📌 \u9244\u677f\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb<\/strong> > \u533a\u5207\u308a\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u633f\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f str_c(..., sep = \"-\")<\/code>\u3001\u533a\u5207\u308a\u306a\u3057\u3067\u76f4\u7d50\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f str_c(...)<\/code> \u307e\u305f\u306f paste0(...)<\/code> \u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
2. \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u306e\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3057\uff08str_sub<\/code> \/ substr<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u65e5\u4ed8\u3084\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u62bd\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u300c2026-07-24\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u304b\u3089\u300c2026\uff08\u5e74\uff09\u300d\u3084\u300c07\uff08\u6708\uff09\u300d\u306e\u307f\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5e74\u5ea6\u3054\u3068\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u3092\u884c\u3044\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\uff1astr_sub(x, start, end)<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
dates <- c(\"2026-07-24\", \"2026-08-01\", \"2026-12-15\")\n\n# 1\u6587\u5b57\u76ee\u304b\u30894\u6587\u5b57\u76ee\uff08\u5e74\uff09\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\nyears <- str_sub(dates, start = 1, end = 4)\nprint(years)\n# [1] \"2026\" \"2026\" \"2026\"\n\n# 6\u6587\u5b57\u76ee\u304b\u30897\u6587\u5b57\u76ee\uff08\u6708\uff09\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\nmonths <- str_sub(dates, start = 6, end = 7)\nprint(months)\n# [1] \"07\" \"08\" \"12\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. \u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3068\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0\u5316\uff08str_detect<\/code> \/ grep<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u75c5\u540d\u30fb\u75c7\u72b6\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u62bd\u51fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u306e\u65e2\u5f80\u6b74\u81ea\u7531\u8a18\u8ff0\u6b04\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300cDM\u300d\u3084\u300c\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u60a3\u8005\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u3001\u3042\u308a\uff1d1\u3001\u306a\u3057\uff1d0\u306e\u4e8c\u5024\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0\uff08\u30c0\u30df\u30fc\u5909\u6570\uff09\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\uff1astr_detect(x, pattern)<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
history <- c(\"Hypertension, DM\", \"Dyslipidemia\", \"DM, CKD\", \"Healthy\")\n\n# \"DM\" \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\uff08TRUE\/FALSE\u304c\u8fd4\u308b\uff09\nhas_dm <- str_detect(history, \"DM\")\nprint(has_dm)\n# [1]  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE\n\n# ifelse\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066 1\/0 \u306e\u6570\u5024\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\ndm_flag <- ifelse(str_detect(history, \"DM\"), 1, 0)\nprint(dm_flag)\n# [1] 1 0 1 0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n
💡 \u67fb\u8aad\u30fb\u5b9f\u52d9\u306e\u30ef\u30f3\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\uff1a\u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u81f4\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7<\/strong> > \u5358\u306b \"DM\"<\/code> \u3067\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\"ADM\"<\/code>\uff08\u4f8b\uff1aAcute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis\uff09\u306a\u3069\u5225\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u8aa4\u3063\u3066\u30d2\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u5371\u967a\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3084\u5358\u8a9e\u5883\u754c\u3092\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f regex(\"\\\\bDM\\\\b\")<\/code> \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5358\u8a9e\u5883\u754c\u6307\u5b9a\u3084\u3001ignore_case = TRUE<\/code> \u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
4. \u4e0d\u8981\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u30fb\u5358\u4f4d\u306e\u7f6e\u63db\u3068\u9664\u53bb\uff08str_replace_all<\/code> \/ gsub<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u5024\u5316\u3078\u306e\u4e0b\u6e96\u5099<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5165\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u300cmmHg\u300d\u300cmg\/dL\u300d\u300c<\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u3084\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a18\u53f7\u3092\u6d88\u53bb\u3057\u3001\u6570\u5024\u578b\u3078\u5b89\u5168\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\uff1astr_replace_all(x, pattern, replacement)<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
raw_sbp <- c(\"120 mmHg\", \"135mmHg\", \"<100 mmHg\")\n\n# \" mmHg\" \u3084 \"mmHg\" \u3084 \"<\" \u3092\u6d88\u53bb\uff08\u7a7a\u6587\u5b57 \"\" \u306b\u7f6e\u63db\uff09\nclean_sbp <- raw_sbp %>% \n  str_replace_all(\"mmHg\", \"\") %>% \n  str_replace_all(\"<\", \"\") %>% \n  str_trim() %>%        # \u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u7a7a\u767d\u3092\u6d88\u53bb\n  as.numeric()          # \u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u6570\u5024\u5316\n\nprint(clean_sbp)\n# [1] 120 135 100\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n
⚠️ \u67fb\u8aad\u8005\u306e\u8996\u70b9\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\u53f7\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08<100\uff09\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3044\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong> > \u691c\u51fa\u9650\u754c\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff08Limit of Detection: LOD\uff09\u3092\u793a\u3059 <100<\/code> \u306a\u3069\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089 <<\/code> \u3092\u524a\u9664\u3057\u3066\u5358\u306b 100<\/code> \u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u51e6\u7406\u306f\u3001\u67fb\u8aad\uff08Peer Review\uff09\u3067\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u4e00\u5f8b100\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\u300c\u534a\u5206\u306e50\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\u300c\u611f\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff08Sensitivity Analysis\uff09\u3092\u884c\u3046\u306e\u304b\u300d\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
5. ID\u306e\u6841\u63c3\u3048\u30fb\u30bc\u30ed\u57cb\u3081\uff08str_pad<\/code> \/ sprintf<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u9806\u306e\u5d29\u308c\u3092\u9632\u3050<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u75c7\u4f8bID\u304c 1, 2, ..., 10<\/code> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5165\u529b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306b 1, 10, 2, 3...<\/code> \u3068\u9806\u756a\u304c\u5d29\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092 001, 002, ..., 010<\/code> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u30bc\u30ed\u57cb\u3081\uff08\u30d1\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\uff09\u300d\u3057\u3066\u6841\u6570\u3092\u7d71\u4e00\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\uff1astr_pad(x, width, side, pad)<\/code><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
raw_ids <- c(\"1\", \"2\", \"10\", \"100\")\n\n# \u6841\u6570\u3092\u300c3\u6841\u300d\u306b\u63c3\u3048\u3001\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3044\u5de6\u5074\uff08left\uff09\u3092 \"0\" \u3067\u57cb\u3081\u308b\npadded_ids <- str_pad(raw_ids, width = 3, side = \"left\", pad = \"0\")\nprint(padded_ids)\n\n# \u51fa\u529b\u7d50\u679c:\n# [1] \"001\" \"002\" \"010\" \"100\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\uff1e\uff1e\u3082\u3046\u7d71\u8a08\u3067\u60a9\u3080\u306e\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\"\"<\/a>\r\n
\u21911\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u8cfc\u8aad\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div>
\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3042\u308b\u3042\u308b\uff01\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u3068\u5373\u52b9\u5bfe\u51e6\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u2460\uff1a\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u300c\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u7a7a\u767d\u30fb\u6539\u884c\u300d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u96fb\u5b50\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u304b\u3089\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3057\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u306e\u5f8c\u308d\u306b\u76ee\u306b\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9 \"DM \"<\/code> \u304c\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u898b\u300cDM\u300d\u306b\u898b\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3001R\u5185\u90e8\u3067\u306f \"DM\"<\/code> \u3068 \"DM \"<\/code> \u306f\u5225\u7269\u3068\u5224\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001x == \"DM\"<\/code> \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u62bd\u51fa\u3067\u6f0f\u308c\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
dirty_text <- c(\" DM\", \"DM \", \" DM \")\nclean_text <- str_trim(dirty_text)\n\nprint(clean_text)\n# [1] \"DM\" \"DM\" \"DM\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30d7\u2461\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u96fb\u5b50\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u7279\u6709\u306e\u300c\u5168\u89d2\u82f1\u6570\u30fb\u5168\u89d2\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u300d\u6df7\u5165<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u300c\uff11\uff12\uff10\u300d\uff08\u5168\u89d2\u6570\u5b57\uff09\u3084\u300c \u300d\uff08\u5168\u89d2\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\uff09\u304c\u6df7\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u7f6e\u63db\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u307f\u3067\u306f\u5341\u5206\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3057\u304d\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# stringi\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u5229\u7528\nlibrary(stringi)\n\njapanese_raw <- c(\"\uff11\uff12\uff10 \uff4d m H g\", \"\uff11\uff13\uff15\")\n\n# \u5168\u89d2\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u534a\u89d2\u306b\u7d71\u4e00\uff08Unicode\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff09\nnormalized <- stri_trans_nfkc(japanese_raw)\nprint(normalized)\n# [1] \"120 mm H g\" \"135\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u3010\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3011\u30b3\u30d4\u30da\u3067\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u4e00\u62ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u300c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u524d\u51e6\u7406\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7248\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u300d\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
library(tidyverse)\nlibrary(stringi)\n\n# \u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u81e8\u5e8a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\ndf_raw <- tibble(\n  patient_id = c(\"1\", \"2\", \"3\"),\n  facility   = c(\"A\", \"A\", \"B\"),\n  sbp_raw    = c(\"\uff11\uff12\uff10 mmHg\", \" 135 mmHg \", \"<90 mmHg\"),\n  history    = c(\"HT, DM\", \"Dyslipidemia\", \"DM(Type2)\")\n)\n\n# --- \u4e00\u62ec\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u51e6\u7406 ---\ndf_clean <- df_raw %>% \n  mutate(\n    # 1. \u7d71\u4e00ID\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\uff08A-001\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\n    id_padded = str_pad(patient_id, width = 3, side = \"left\", pad = \"0\"),\n    study_id  = str_c(facility, id_padded, sep = \"-\"),\n    \n    # 2. \u5168\u89d2\u306e\u534a\u89d2\u5316 \uff06 \u5358\u4f4d\u30fb\u8a18\u53f7\u306e\u524a\u9664 \uff06 \u6570\u5024\u5316\n    sbp_clean = sbp_raw %>% \n      stri_trans_nfkc() %>%         # \u5168\u89d2\u3092\u534a\u89d2\u5316\n      str_replace_all(\"mmHg\", \"\") %>% # \u5358\u4f4d\u9664\u53bb\n      str_replace_all(\"<\", \"\") %>%    # \u8a18\u53f7\u9664\u53bb\n      str_trim() %>%                  # \u7a7a\u767d\u9664\u53bb\n      as.numeric(),                   # \u6570\u5024\u578b\u5909\u63db\n    \n    # 3. \u65e2\u5f80\u6b74\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u300cDM\u300d\u306e\u6709\u7121\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\uff081\/0\uff09\n    dm_flag = ifelse(str_detect(history, \"DM\"), 1, 0)\n  )\n\n# \u7d50\u679c\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\nprint(df_clean)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\n
📝 \u8ad6\u6587\u306e Methods\uff08\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u6b04\u3067\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u8a18\u8f09\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8<\/strong> > \u8ad6\u6587\u6295\u7a3f\u6642\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u8a18\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u82f1\u6587\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Data processing and string manipulations were performed using R version 4.3.0 and the stringr package (version 1.5.0).”<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30af\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u4e00\u5ea6\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3048\u3070\u3001\u4eca\u5f8c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u3066\u3082\u7126\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u306f\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7169\u96d1\u306a\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u51e6\u7406\u306fR\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u3057\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3067\u3042\u308b\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u3084\u8003\u5bdf\u306e\u57f7\u7b46\u306b\u8cb4\u91cd\u306a\u6642\u9593\u3092\u6295\u8cc7\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3053\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u304a\u3059\u3059\u3081\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u3044\u3061\u3070\u3093\u3084\u3055\u3057\u3044\u3001\u533b\u7642\u7d71\u8a08\u3000\u6539\u8a02\u7248\u301c\u56f3\u89e3\u3067\u3059\u3093\u306a\u308a\u308f\u304b\u308b\u7d71\u8a08\u306e\u57fa\u672c<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u3010\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u3011 > \u96fb\u5b50\u30ab\u30eb\u30c6\u3084\u30a2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u62bd\u51fa\u3057\u305fcsv\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092R\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u305b\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u6b62\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u2026\u2026\u3002\u300c120 mmHg\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u4ed8\u304d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3069\u3046\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f \u3010\u7d71\u8a08 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4639,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/R\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c-scaled.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4638"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4640,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638\/revisions\/4640"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4639"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}