{"id":4900,"date":"2026-10-09T07:02:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T22:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/?p=4900"},"modified":"2026-10-09T07:02:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T22:02:55","slug":"no-significant-difference-is-not-no-difference-a-misinterpretation-that-has-persisted-for-30-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/no-significant-difference-is-not-no-difference-a-misinterpretation-that-has-persisted-for-30-years\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u306f\u300c\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u2015\u2015\u7d0430\u5e74\u7d9a\u304f\u8aa4\u7528\u306e\u6b63\u4f53"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u85acA\u3068\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642B\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u305f\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u8f29\u300cP\u5024\u306f0.23\u3002\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001A\u3068B\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304a\u3053\u3046\u300d<br>\u5f8c\u8f29\u300c\u3048\u3001\u3067\u3082\u2026\u2026\u300e\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u300f\u3068\u300e\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300f\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u610f\u5473\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f8c\u8f29\u306e\u9055\u548c\u611f\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3002\u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u3068\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u306f\u3001\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u5225\u306e\u4e3b\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6570\u5f0f\u3092\u4f7f\u308f\u305a\u306b\u6b21\u306e4\u70b9\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u306a\u304f\u8aad\u3080\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6e96\u5099<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u60a9\u307f\u306e\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u300d\u306e\u6c7a\u3081\u65b9\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u304c\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3068\u306f\u3001\u300c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u5207\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u96c6\u307e\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5dee\u304c\u30bc\u30ed\u3060\u3068\u8a3c\u660e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6697\u3044\u90e8\u5c4b\u3067\u63a2\u3057\u7269\u3092\u3059\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\u3002\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u90e8\u5c4b\u306b\u7269\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u90e8\u5c4b\u304c\u6697\u3059\u304e\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u63a2\u3057\u65b9\u304c\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u300c\u90e8\u5c4b\u306e\u660e\u308b\u3055\u300d\u306b\u3042\u305f\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u3068\u306f<\/strong><br>\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u3068\u306f\u3001\u300c\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u78ba\u7387\u300d\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u61d0\u4e2d\u96fb\u706f\u306e\u660e\u308b\u3055\u306b\u4f8b\u3048\u308b\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u96fb\u6c60\u5207\u308c\u5bf8\u524d\u306e\u61d0\u4e2d\u96fb\u706f\uff08\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5e8a\u306b\u843d\u3061\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7269\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3067\u6c7a\u307e\u308b\u3002\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u6697\u3044\u90e8\u5c4b\u3092\u5f31\u3044\u5149\u3067\u63a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u7406\u7531\u306f2\u901a\u308a\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u5dee\u304c\uff08\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\uff09\u306a\u3044<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5dee\u306f\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3059\u304e\u3066\u898b\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u5024\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e2\u3064\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u7528\u306f\u3001\u6614\u3082\u4eca\u3082\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">30\u5e74\u524d\u306e\u5b9f\u4f8b\uff1a\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u7d045%\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u304c\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3057\u305f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Altman \u3068 Bland \u306f\u30011995\u5e74\u306e BMJ \u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3067\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b9f\u4f8b\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9759\u8108\u7624\u51fa\u8840\u306e\u6cbb\u7642\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u305f\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eba\u6570\u306f\u7d041,800\u4eba\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u306b\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u96c6\u307e\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f100\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u306f\u304a\u3088\u305d5%\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3001\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u8457\u8005\u3089\u306f\u300c2\u3064\u306e\u6cbb\u7642\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u306b\u6709\u52b9\u300d\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3057\u304b\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306f\u3001\u6700\u5927\u306720\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3082\u306e\u5dee\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u3002\u6cbb\u7642\u6210\u7e3e\u304c2\u5272\u3082\u9055\u3046\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3001\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u3059\u304e\u3066\u3001\u4f55\u3082\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u306e\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2019\u5e74\u306e\u6307\u6458\uff1a\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u8aa4\u7528\u306f\u6e1b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u306f\u300130\u5e74\u524d\u306e\u53e4\u3044\u8a71\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u30022019\u5e74\u3001Amrhein\u3001Greenland\u3001McShane \u306e3\u540d\u306f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u8a8c Nature \u306e\u8ad6\u8aac\u3067\u3001\u540c\u3058\u554f\u984c\u3092\u518d\u3073\u53d6\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u30015\u3064\u306e\u5b66\u8853\u8a8c\u306b\u8f09\u3063\u305f791\u672c\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u305f\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u7d04\u534a\u6570\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u304c\u3001\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3092\u300c\u52b9\u679c\u306a\u3057\u300d\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3057\u304b\u3082\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u898b\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b9f\u306f\u652f\u6301\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u304c\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5dee\u307e\u3067\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1995\u5e74\u306e\u8b66\u544a\u304b\u3089\u3001\u56db\u534a\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304c\u904e\u304e\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u540c\u3058\u8aa4\u7528\u304c\u3001\u4eca\u3082\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3053\u305d\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u6539\u3081\u3066\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"biost-3382852577\" class=\"biost- biost-entity-placement\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\">\uff1e\uff1e\u3082\u3046\u7d71\u8a08\u3067\u60a9\u3080\u306e\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bn_r_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span class=\"marker2\">\u21911\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u8cfc\u8aad\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u8aad\u3080<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304f\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u4f55\u3092\u898b\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3002\u7b54\u3048\u306f\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306f\u8aa4\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6bcd\u6570\u306f\u52d5\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3002\u52d5\u304f\u306e\u306f\u533a\u9593\u306e\u307b\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u307e\u305a\u3001\u5927\u4e8b\u306a\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u300c\u672c\u5f53\u306e\u5dee\u300d\uff08\u6bcd\u6570\uff09\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306b\u306f\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001<strong>\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f1\u3064\u306e\u5024<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u6bcd\u6570\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u308b\u533a\u9593\u306e\u307b\u3046<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u3084\u308a\u76f4\u3059\u305f\u3073\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u533a\u9593\u3082\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8f2a\u6295\u3052\u306b\u4f8b\u3048\u3088\u3046\u3002\u5730\u9762\u306b\u3001\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u676d\u304c1\u672c\u6253\u305f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c\u6bcd\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u676d\u306f\u52d5\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u676d\u3092\u72d9\u3063\u3066\u8f2a\u3092\u6295\u3052\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8f2a\u304c\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6295\u3052\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3001\u8f2a\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u5c11\u3057\u305a\u3064\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c95%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u300d\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8f2a\u306e\u6295\u3052\u65b9\uff08\u533a\u9593\u306e\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9\uff09\u304c\u3001<strong>\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3044\u304f\u3064\u3082\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u7d0495%\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3001\u3067\u304d\u305f\u8f2a\u304c\u676d\u3092\u56f2\u3081\u308b<\/strong>\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5225\u306e\u8a00\u3044\u65b9\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6bcd\u6570\u3092\u542b\u3080\u78ba\u7387\u304c95%\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f5c\u3063\u305f\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e1\u3064\u304c\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f95%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u533a\u9593\u304c\u676d\u3092\u56f2\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306f\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u3053\u306e\u533a\u9593\u306e\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9\u3067\u3044\u304f\u3064\u3082\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u884c\u3048\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u7d0495%\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3001\u3067\u304d\u305f\u533a\u9593\u306f\u6bcd\u6570\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u6bcd\u6570\u304c95%\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u3053\u306e\u533a\u9593\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u3044\u65b9\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6bcd\u6570\u306f\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u63fa\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u533a\u9593\u306e\u307b\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u304c\u5f79\u306b\u7acb\u3064\u7406\u7531<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3067\u306f\u3001\u306a\u305c\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u898b\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001<strong>\u5dee\u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u307e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u304b\u3092\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3059\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b<\/strong>\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u533a\u9593\u304c\u72ed\u3044 \u2192 \u5dee\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u304b\u306a\u308a\u3057\u307c\u308a\u8fbc\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u533a\u9593\u304c\u5e83\u3044 \u2192 \u60c5\u5831\u304c\u8db3\u308a\u305a\u3001\u5dee\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u306e\u304b\u5927\u304d\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3082\u5206\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u7ae0\u306e\u5b9f\u4f8b\u306f\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u300c\u533a\u9593\u304c\u5e83\u3044\u306e\u306b\u3001\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u3066\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u300d\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u300c\u533a\u9593\u304c0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u300d\u3053\u3068\u306e\u610f\u5473<\/strong><br>95%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\uff08\u4e21\u5074\uff09\u304c0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3068\u30015%\u6c34\u6e96\u3067P\u5024\u304c\u6709\u610f\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u5225\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff08\u4fe1\u983c\u6c34\u6e96\u3068\u6709\u610f\u6c34\u6e96\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff09\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u300c0\uff08\u5dee\u306a\u3057\uff09\u3082\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5019\u88dc\u306e1\u3064\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u30010\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5024\u3082\u3001\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30020\u3060\u3051\u304c\u7279\u5225\u6271\u3044\u3055\u308c\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u540c\u7b49\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u3044\u306a\u3089\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u9045\u3044\u3002\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u3080\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4-1. \u300c\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306a\u3089\u540c\u3058\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u300d\u5e45\u3092\u5148\u306b\u6c7a\u3081\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u308c\u3092<strong>\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3<\/strong>\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u300c\u8840\u5727\u304c\u00b13 mmHg\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u5dee\u306a\u3089\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u540c\u3058\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u524d\u306b\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u3053\u306f\u3001\u8a66\u9a13\u306e\u300c\u5408\u683c\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u300d\u306b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u53d7\u9a13\u306e\u5f8c\u3067\u5408\u683c\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u305f\u3089\u3001\u4e0d\u6b63\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3082\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304b\u3089\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u6c7a\u3081\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3002\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u521d\u5fc3\u8005\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7d4c\u9a13\u3092\u7a4d\u3093\u3060\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3053\u3053\u304c\u4e00\u756a\u60a9\u307e\u3057\u3044\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306e\u7b4b\u9053\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3042\u3068\u306e4-4\u3067\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4-2. \u533a\u9593\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u304b\u3092\u898b\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3042\u3068\u306f\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5dee\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u304c\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u3059\u3063\u307d\u308a\u53ce\u307e\u308c\u3070\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u5dee\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3059<\/th><th>\u89e3\u91c8<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044<\/td><td>\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u3042\u308a\uff08\u5dee\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u304b\u306f\u5225\u306b\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0\u3092\u542b\u307f\u3001\u533a\u9593\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u306f\u307f\u51fa\u3059<\/td><td>\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u3082\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3082\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0\u3092\u542b\u307f\u3001\u533a\u9593\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5185\u5074<\/td><td>\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u533a\u9593\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5185\u5074<\/td><td>\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306f\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u307f\u306a\u305b\u308b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u306b2\u884c\u76ee\u304c\u3001\u5192\u982d\u306e\u5148\u8f29\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u5371\u306a\u3044\u5834\u9762\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u300c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u4e0d\u8db3\u3067\u3001\u4f55\u3082\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u3044\u300d\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u8aad\u307f\u66ff\u3048\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u306a\u305c\u300c95%\u300d\u3068\u300c90%\u300d\u304c\u6df7\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b<\/strong><br>\u8868\u306e1\u884c\u76ee\uff08\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u306b95%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308bTOST\u3067\u306f\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u306b<strong>90%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593<\/strong>\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6df7\u4e71\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u304c\u3001\u7406\u7531\u306f\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u6570\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u30921\u3064\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u3001\u4e21\u50745%\u3067\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u50745%\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u533a\u9593\u306f\u5de6\u53f3\u306b2.5%\u305a\u3064\u4f59\u767d\u3092\u6b8b\u3059\uff0895%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TOST\u306f\u3001\u300c\u4e0b\u306b\u306f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u300c\u4e0a\u306b\u306f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7247\u5074\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u30922\u56de\u884c\u3044\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7247\u50745%\u3067\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3002\u7247\u50745%\u3092\u5de6\u53f3\u30671\u56de\u305a\u3064\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3001\u533a\u9593\u306e\u5916\u306b\u5de6\u53f35%\u305a\u3064\u4f59\u767d\u3092\u6b8b\u3059\uff0890%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u7acb\u3066\u65b9\u304c\u9055\u3046\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u7518\u304f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u898f\u5236\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a66\u9a13\u306a\u3069\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7247\u50742.5%\u306795%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u8a2d\u8a08\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u304b\u306f\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u753b\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4-3. TOST\uff08\u30c8\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\uff09\u3068\u306f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001<strong>TOST\uff08Two One-Sided Tests\u30012\u3064\u306e\u7247\u5074\u691c\u5b9a\uff09<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306f\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u3001\u6b21\u306e2\u3064\u3092\u4e21\u65b9\u3068\u3082\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u3057\u305f\u3089\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300c\u5dee\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u4e0b\u9650\uff08\u2212\u0394\uff09\u3088\u308a\u5927\u304d\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u304b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300c\u5dee\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u4e0a\u9650\uff08+\u0394\uff09\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u304b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u300c\u4e0b\u306b\u306f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u300c\u4e0a\u306b\u306f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u300d\u306e2\u3064\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30022\u3064\u3068\u3082\u6709\u610f\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5dee\u306f\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u3084\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\uff08R\u306a\u3089 TOSTER \u306a\u3069\uff09\u306b\u4efb\u305b\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u540d\u524d\u3068\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb\u306b\u3068\u3069\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1aTOST\u306f\u300c\u5e30\u7121\u4eee\u8aac\u300d\u306e\u5411\u304d\u304c\u9006\u3067\u3042\u308b<\/strong><br>\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u304c\u5e30\u7121\u4eee\u8aac\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u68c4\u5374\u3057\u3066\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3002TOST\u3067\u306f\u5411\u304d\u304c\u9006\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5916\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300d\u304c\u5e30\u7121\u4eee\u8aac\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u68c4\u5374\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3066\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3002\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u305f\u3044\u306a\u3089\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u3067\u306a\u3044\u300d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u5426\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30011\u3064\u5927\u5207\u306a\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u3067TOST\u304c\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5225\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u304c\u51fa\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3042\u3068\u3067\u3001\u300c\u305d\u308c\u306a\u3089\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u793a\u305d\u3046\u300d\u3068TOST\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u610f\u5473\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\u3001TOST\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u3044\u304f\u3064\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3067\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u5909\u308f\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304b\u3089\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308c\u3070\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u300d\u5e45\u3092\u3044\u304f\u3089\u3067\u3082\u5f8c\u4ed8\u3051\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u7684\u3092\u5c04\u305f\u3042\u3068\u306b\u77e2\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306b\u5186\u3092\u63cf\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TOST\u304c\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e3\u70b9\u304c\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u524d\u306b\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\uff08\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u6839\u62e0\u3064\u304d\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u305d\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3067\u5341\u5206\u306a\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u4e3b\u305f\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3059\u308b\u89e3\u6790\u8a08\u753b\uff08\u8a08\u753b\u66f8\u30fb\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b3\u30eb\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3067\u306f\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4f55\u3082\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u306e\u304b\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4e8b\u5f8c\u3067\u3082\u3001<strong>\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u300c\u3069\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306e\u5dee\u307e\u3067\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u77db\u76fe\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u300d\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6709\u76ca\u306a\u5831\u544a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u5206\u304b\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u6b63\u76f4\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff085\u7ae0\u306e\u4f8b\u2460\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u203b\u30b3\u30e9\u30e0\uff1a\u975e\u52a3\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u3068\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13<\/strong><br>\u300c\u65b0\u85ac\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u3088\u308a<strong>\u60aa\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b<\/strong>\u300d\u3060\u3051\u3092\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u975e\u52a3\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u7247\u5074\u3060\u3051\u3092\u898b\u308b\uff09\u3002\u300c<strong>\u826f\u304f\u3082\u60aa\u304f\u3082\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff08\u4e21\u5074\u3092\u898b\u308b\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u304c\u9055\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u6c7a\u3081\u65b9\u3084\u5831\u544a\u306e\u4ed5\u65b9\u3082\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3002\u5831\u544a\u306e\u6307\u91dd\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001CONSORT\u58f0\u660e\u306e\u975e\u52a3\u6027\u30fb\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u5411\u3051\u62e1\u5f35\u7248\uff08Piaggio \u3089\u3001JAMA 2012\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4-4. \u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u6c7a\u3081\u65b9\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u6c7a\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u96e3\u6240\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u7b4b\u9053\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6574\u7406\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u3048\uff1a\u6a5f\u68b0\u306e\u90e8\u54c1\u306b\u306f\u300c\u8a31\u5bb9\u516c\u5dee\u300d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6642\u8a08\u306e\u90e8\u54c1\u306a\u30890.01 mm\u306e\u305a\u308c\u3082\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u306e\u811a\u306a\u30891 mm\u306e\u305a\u308c\u306f\u6c17\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8aa4\u5dee\u306f\u3001<strong>\u7528\u9014\uff08\u305d\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u73fe\u5834\u3067\u3069\u3093\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u304b\uff09<\/strong>\u3067\u6c7a\u307e\u308b\u3002\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u2460\uff1a\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6700\u5c0f\u306e\u5dee\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3059\u308b<\/strong><br>\u60a3\u8005\u3055\u3093\u3084\u81e8\u5e8a\u5bb6\u304c\u300c\u9055\u3044\u3092\u611f\u3058\u308b\u300d\u300c\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u91dd\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u300d\u6700\u5c0f\u306e\u5dee\u3092\u3001\u307e\u305a\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3002\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u5e45\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5dee\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u7b4b\u304c\u901a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u8840\u5727\u306a\u3089\u4f55mmHg\u3001\u75db\u307f\u306e\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306a\u3089\u4f55\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5177\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u306f\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5bb6\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u81e8\u5e8a\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u304c\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/strong>\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u2461\uff1a\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u3059\u308b\uff08\u7279\u306b\u975e\u52a3\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\uff09<\/strong><br>\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u304c\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30bb\u30dc\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7121\u6cbb\u7642\uff09\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u52b9\u304f\u304b\u3092\u3001\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u304b\u3089\u898b\u7a4d\u3082\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3048\u3067\u3001\u300c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6cbb\u7642\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u3046\u3061\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u5272\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u4fdd\u3066\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u300d\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u534a\u5206\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6c7a\u3081\u65b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u898f\u5236\u5f53\u5c40\u306e\u30ac\u30a4\u30c0\u30f3\u30b9\u3084\u3001ICH E10\u306a\u3069\u306e\u56fd\u969b\u7684\u306a\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u3082\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3069\u306e\u5272\u5408\u3092\u8a31\u3059\u304b\u306f\u3001\u75c5\u6c17\u306e\u91cd\u3055\u3084\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u30fb\u5229\u4fbf\u6027\u306a\u3069\u3092\u7dcf\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u2462\uff1a\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u90fd\u5408\u3067\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044<\/strong><br>\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u72ed\u304f\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3069\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3092\u793a\u3059\u306e\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u4eba\u6570\u306f\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3002\u76ee\u5b89\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u534a\u5206\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306f\u304a\u304a\u3088\u305d4\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u300c\u4eba\u6570\u304c\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u5e83\u3052\u3088\u3046\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a98\u60d1\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u672c\u672b\u8ee2\u5012\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305a\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u6839\u62e0\u3067\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3048\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u4eba\u6570\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u304b\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u73fe\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u306f\u793a\u305b\u306a\u3044\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u3068\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u307b\u3046\u304c\u8aa0\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u2463\uff1a\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u660e\u8a18\u3057\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u5ba3\u8a00\u3059\u308b<\/strong><br>\u8ff7\u3046\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6b21\u306e3\u3064\u306f\u5b88\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\uff08\u81e8\u5e8a\u533b\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u30fb\u5e02\u6c11\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\uff09\u3067\u8b70\u8ad6\u3057\u3001\u5408\u610f\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u6839\u62e0\uff08\u5148\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3065\u3051\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u904e\u7a0b\uff09\u3092\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u753b\u66f8\u306b\u66f8\u304f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8ad6\u6587\u306eMethods\u306b\u3082\u3001\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u6dfb\u3048\u3066\u8a18\u8f09\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8aad\u8005\u304c\u300c\u305d\u306e\u5e45\u306f\u59a5\u5f53\u304b\u300d\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u300c\u305d\u306e\u5e45\u306f\u5e83\u3059\u304e\u308b\u300d\u3068\u6279\u5224\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3082\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u571f\u53f0\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u9006\u306b\u3001\u6839\u62e0\u306e\u306a\u3044\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8aac\u5f97\u529b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u4f8b\u6587<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306f\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082<strong>\u8a18\u8ff0\u4f8b<\/strong>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5024\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NG\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001A\u7fa4\u3068B\u7fa4\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\uff08P = 0.23\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OK\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9\u2460\uff1a\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u3092\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3001\u533a\u9593\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u7fa4\u3068B\u7fa4\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u8840\u5727\u306e\u5dee\u306f\u22121.2 mmHg\uff0895%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\uff1a\u22123.2\u301c0.8\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\uff08P = 0.23\uff09\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306f\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306b\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5dee\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u542b\u3093\u3067\u304a\u308a\u3001\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e21\u7fa4\u304c\u540c\u7b49\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u7d50\u8ad6\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u82f1\u6587\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\uff08Results\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The difference in mean blood pressure between Group A and Group B was \u22121.2 mmHg (95% confidence interval: \u22123.2 to 0.8; P = 0.23). Because the confidence interval included clinically meaningful differences, we could not conclude that the two groups were equivalent.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OK\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9\u2461\uff1a\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\uff08\u2460\u3068\u306f\u5225\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u4f8b\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\uff08Methods\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u8a66\u9a13\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a08\u753b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8840\u5727\u306e\u5dee\u3067\u00b13 mmHg\u3068\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3067\u5341\u5206\u306a\u691c\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u7b97\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u3002\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u7247\u5074\u691c\u5b9a\uff08TOST\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001\u5404\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u7247\u5074\u6709\u610f\u6c34\u6e96\u30925%\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u305f\uff08\u5dee\u306e90%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u5185\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\uff08Results\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7fa4\u9593\u5dee\u306f\u22120.8 mmHg\uff0890%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\uff1a\u22121.9\u301c0.3\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u533a\u9593\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\uff08\u00b13 mmHg\uff09\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u30012\u7fa4\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u82f1\u6587\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\uff08Methods\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study was designed as an equivalence trial. The equivalence margin was prespecified as \u00b13 mmHg for the between-group difference in mean blood pressure, on clinical grounds, and the sample size was calculated to provide adequate power at this margin. Equivalence was assessed using the two one-sided tests (TOST) procedure at a one-sided significance level of 0.05 for each test, which corresponds to checking whether the 90% confidence interval of the difference lies entirely within the margin.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u82f1\u6587\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\uff08Results\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The between-group difference in mean blood pressure was \u22120.8 mmHg (90% confidence interval: \u22121.9 to 0.3), which fell entirely within the prespecified equivalence margin of \u00b13 mmHg. Therefore, the two treatments were considered equivalent.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u300c\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u300d\u306f\u3001\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u306e\u8a3c\u660e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300c\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3044\u5207\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300d\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8aa4\u7528\u306f\u30011995\u5e74\u306b\u30822019\u5e74\u306b\u3082\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4eca\u3082\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u5dee\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u304b\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u306e2\u901a\u308a\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u306e\u533a\u5225\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>95%\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6bcd\u6570\uff08\u56fa\u5b9a\u30fb\u672a\u77e5\uff09\u3092\u56f2\u3080\u78ba\u7387\u304c95%\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4f5c\u3063\u305f\u533a\u9593\u306e1\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u533a\u9593\u306e\u307b\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u305f\u3044\u306a\u3089\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u524d\u306b\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u6839\u62e0\u306e\u3042\u308b\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3067\u306f\u9045\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u3067TOST\u304c\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5225\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u610f\u5473\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u533a\u9593\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306b\u53ce\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3066\u300c\u540c\u7b49\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Altman DG, Bland JM. Statistics notes: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. <em>BMJ<\/em>. 1995;311:485. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/311\/7003\/485\">doi:10.1136\/bmj.311.7003.485<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Amrhein V, Greenland S, McShane B. Scientists rise up against statistical significance. <em>Nature<\/em>. 2019;567:305\u2013307. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-019-00857-9\">doi:10.1038\/d41586-019-00857-9<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Piaggio G, Elbourne DR, Pocock SJ, Evans SJ, Altman DG; CONSORT Group. Reporting of noninferiority and equivalence randomized trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement. <em>JAMA<\/em>. 2012;308(24):2594\u20132604. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2012.87802\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10.1001\/jama.2012.87802<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lakens D. Equivalence tests: a practical primer for t tests, correlations, and meta-analyses. <em>Social Psychological and Personality Science<\/em>. 2017. doi:10.1177\/1948550617697177<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wangge G, Roes KCB, de Boer A, Hoes AW, Knol MJ. The challenges of determining noninferiority margins: a case study of noninferiority randomized controlled trials of novel oral anticoagulants. <em>CMAJ<\/em>. 2013;185(3):222\u2013227. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmaj.ca\/content\/185\/3\/222\">doi:10.1503\/cmaj.120142<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u304a\u3059\u3059\u3081\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/link.amazon\/B0cQx5lCo\">\u300c\u305d\u308c\u3092\u3057\u305f\u3089\u30c0\u30e1\uff01NG\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u5b66\u3076\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u300d<\/a><\/strong><br>\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u3084\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3001NG\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u5b66\u3079\u308b\u4e00\u518a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u540c\u7b49\u6027\u30de\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u898b\u308b\u524d\u306b\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3046\u3048\u3067\u3082\u53c2\u8003\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u65b0\u85acA\u3068\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642B\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u305f\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u81e8\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u304c\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u5148\u8f29\u300cP\u5024\u306f0.23\u3002\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001A\u3068B\u306f\u540c\u7b49\u3068\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u304a\u3053\u3046\u300d\u5f8c\u8f29\u300c\u3048\u3001\u3067\u3082\u2026\u2026\u300e\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u300f\u3068\u300e\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300f\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[156],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-156"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u306f\u5dee\u306a\u3057\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4900"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4900\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4902,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4900\/revisions\/4902"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4900"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4900"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}