{"id":560,"date":"2018-06-29T20:39:43","date_gmt":"2018-06-29T11:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/trend-test-by-r\/"},"modified":"2024-10-14T11:50:54","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T02:50:54","slug":"trend-test-by-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/entry\/trend-test-by-r\/","title":{"rendered":"R \u3067\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3084\u5272\u5408\u304c\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3001\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u3082\u305d\u306e\u901a\u308a\u304b\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3084\u308b\u304b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u307f\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5358\u5909\u91cf\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\">\u5358\u5909\u91cf\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\uff1a\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\">\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u96c6\u8a08\u8868\u306e\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306eS,M,L\u3068\u304b\u3001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u597d\u307f\u306e\u597d\u304d\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u597d\u304d\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u5acc\u3044\u3001\u5acc\u3044\u3068\u304b\u3001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e74\u9f62\u306e20\u4ee3\u300130\u4ee3\u300140\u4ee3\u300150\u4ee3\u300160\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3068\u304b\u3001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u304b\u3001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u304b\u3001<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001$ \\chi^2 $\uff08\u30ab\u30a42\u4e57\uff09\u691c\u5b9a\u3067\u3044\u3044\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7591\u554f\u306b\u7a81\u304d\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u306f\u3001$ \\chi^2 $ \u691c\u5b9a\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u9069\u5207\u3067\u3001\u3057\u304b\u3082\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u304c\u51fa\u3084\u3059\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u304c\u50be\u5411\uff08\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\uff09\u691c\u5b9a\u306e\u3001\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$ \\chi^2 $ \u691c\u5b9a\u3060\u3068\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3069\u3053\u304b\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u304c\u4ed6\u3068\u9055\u3046\u3068\u3057\u304b\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3092\u611f\u77e5\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u50be\u5411\u6027\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3092-R-\u3067\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\">\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3092 R \u3067\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>prop.trend.test()\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5404\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306eYes\u306e\u4eba\u6570\u3092x\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u4eba\u6570\u5168\u4f53\u3092n\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u304c\u300c\u597d\u304d\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u597d\u304d\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u5acc\u3044\u3001\u5acc\u3044\u300d\u3060\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\uff11\uff0c\uff12\uff0c\uff13\uff0c\uff14\u3068\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u3042\u3066\u306f\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>x <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">44<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">55<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">65<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">78<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nn <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">95<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">120<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">129<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">132<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nscore <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">4<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8a08\u7b97\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u306f\u3044\u305f\u3063\u3066\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synIdentifier\">prop.trend.test<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>n<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>score<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">prop.trend.test<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>n<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>score<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nChi<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>squared Test <span class=\"synStatement\">for<\/span> Trend <span class=\"synStatement\">in<\/span> Proportions\ndata<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>  x out of n <span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>\nusing scores<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">3<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">4<\/span>\nX<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>squared <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">4.5998<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> df <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> p<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>value <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.03198<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>p\u5024\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u30010.05\u672a\u6e80\u3067\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u306bYes\u306e\u5272\u5408\u306b\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3042\u308a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5404\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306eYes\u306e\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">round<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"synStatement\">\/<\/span>n<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">100<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">46<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">46<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">50<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">59<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u751f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\">\u751f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R \u306efunction\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u751f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\uff08raw data\uff09\u304b\u3089\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u307f\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x\u306b\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001y\u306bYes\/No\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308c\u3070\u89e3\u6790\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>my.cochran.armitage <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synType\">function<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>y<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>colnum<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">){<\/span>\ntab.xy <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">table<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>x<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span>y<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nrownum <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">nrow<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tab.xy<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">if<\/span> <span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">ncol<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tab.xy<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span> <span class=\"synSpecial\">{<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">stop<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">\"You have to use Yes\/No (1\/0) data in the Column\"<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)}<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">else<\/span> <span class=\"synSpecial\">{<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">print<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synIdentifier\">prop.trend.test<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tab.xy<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span>colnum<span class=\"synSpecial\">],<\/span> tab.xy<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">]<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">+<\/span>tab.xy<span class=\"synSpecial\">&#91;,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">],<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>rownum<span class=\"synSpecial\">)))}<\/span>\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">}<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\">\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\uff1a\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u898b\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u3067\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u898b\u308b\u5834\u5408\">\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u3067\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u898b\u308b\u5834\u5408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff11\uff0c\uff12\uff0c\uff13\uff0c\uff14\uff0c\uff15\u3068\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6295\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3067\u6295\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\uff11\u306e\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3092\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff12\uff0c\uff13\uff0c\uff14\uff0c\uff15\u306e\u30aa\u30c3\u30ba\u6bd4\u304c\u7b97\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff11\u304b\u3089\uff15\u3092\u6570\u5024\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3067\u6295\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3069\u3046\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff11\u304b\u3089\uff15\u3092\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3068\u307f\u3066\u3001\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u304c\u4e00\u3064\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u304c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u306a\u3089\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u6709\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u9593\u304c1\u3067\u3044\u3044\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u9593\u304c1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306f\u306a\u305c\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u9593\u304c1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4fdd\u8a3c\u306f\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u3067\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3060\u3063\u305f\u5909\u6570\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\">\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u3067\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3060\u3063\u305f\u5909\u6570\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>5\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u304c\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e74\u9f62\u533a\u5206\u3067\u300120\u4ee3\u300130\u4ee3\u300140\u4ee3\u300150\u4ee3\u300160\u4ee3\u3068\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3046\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5404\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u771f\u3093\u4e2d\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3068\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u300125\u300135\u300145\u300155\u300165\u3068\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3092\u7591\u4f3c\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u6295\u5165\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u304c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u6709\u610f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u6709\u610f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u304c\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u610f\u306a\u3089\u3001\u3082\u3068\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u91cf\u3067\u6295\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3002\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u6295\u5165\u3059\u308b\u5909\u6570\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u305b\u308b\u306e\u3067\u597d\u90fd\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"biost-747748364\" class=\"biost- biost-entity-placement\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\">\uff1e\uff1e\u3082\u3046\u7d71\u8a08\u3067\u60a9\u3080\u306e\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304b\uff1f\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/kmhl\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bn_r_03.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span class=\"marker2\">\u21911\u4e07\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u304c\u8cfc\u8aad\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3084\u308b\u304b\">\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3084\u308b\u304b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA\u306e\u95a2\u6570 aov() \u3068multcomp\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e glht() \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u5b9f\u65bd\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>multcomp\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u4e00\u56de\u3060\u3051\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synIdentifier\">install.packages<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">\"multcomp\"<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306b\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synPreProc\">library<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>multcomp<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>warpbreaks\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3084\u3063\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>contrasts=\u3067\u691c\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>tension\u306fL, M, H\u306e3\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u3067\u30013\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u30681, 0, -1\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u76f4\u7dda\u7684\u306b\u76f8\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u307f\u3066\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u691c\u5b9a\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u7dd2\u306bL\u3060\u3051\u9055\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u3082\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synIdentifier\">boxplot<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span>warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> xlab<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">\"Tension\"<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> ylab<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">\"Number of breaks\"<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\naov.res <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">aov<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data<span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span>warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\ncontr <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">rbind<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">\"linear trend\"<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">),<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">\"L!=M|H\"<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">c<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">2<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span><span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\nglht.res <span class=\"synStatement\">&lt;-<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">glht<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>aov.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> linfct <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">mcp<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>tension <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> contr<span class=\"synSpecial\">))<\/span>\n<span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>glht.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u691c\u5b9a\uff08linear trend\uff09\u3082L\u3060\u3051\u9055\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u3082\u3001\u3068\u3082\u306b\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7bb1\u3072\u3052\u56f3\u304b\u3089\u8003\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u6e1b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4eee\u8aac\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u3088\u308a\u9069\u5207\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2.png 672w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">summary<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>glht.res<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nSimultaneous Tests <span class=\"synStatement\">for<\/span> General Linear Hypotheses\nMultiple Comparisons of Means<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span> User<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>defined Contrasts\nFit<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span> <span class=\"synIdentifier\">aov<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>formula <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> breaks <span class=\"synStatement\">~<\/span> tension<span class=\"synSpecial\">,<\/span> data <span class=\"synStatement\">=<\/span> warpbreaks<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nLinear Hypotheses<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>\nEstimate Std. Error t value <span class=\"synIdentifier\">Pr<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span><span class=\"synStatement\">&gt;|<\/span>t<span class=\"synStatement\">|<\/span><span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\nlinear trend <span class=\"synStatement\">==<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">14.722<\/span>      <span class=\"synConstant\">3.960<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">3.718<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.000827<\/span> <span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\nL<span class=\"synStatement\">!=<\/span>M<span class=\"synStatement\">|<\/span>H <span class=\"synStatement\">==<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span>         <span class=\"synConstant\">24.722<\/span>      <span class=\"synConstant\">6.859<\/span>   <span class=\"synConstant\">3.604<\/span> <span class=\"synConstant\">0.001166<\/span> <span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\n<span class=\"synStatement\">---<\/span>\nSignif. codes<span class=\"synSpecial\">:<\/span>  <span class=\"synConstant\">0<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synError\">***<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.001<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">**<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.01<\/span> \u2018<span class=\"synStatement\">*<\/span>\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.05<\/span> \u2018.\u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">0.1<\/span> \u2018 \u2019 <span class=\"synConstant\">1<\/span>\n<span class=\"synSpecial\">(<\/span>Adjusted p values reported <span class=\"synStatement\">--<\/span> single<span class=\"synStatement\">-<\/span>step method<span class=\"synSpecial\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u307e\u3068\u3081\">\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u30ab\u30c6\u30b4\u30ea\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306b\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u305d\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u306b\u56de\u7b54\u306e\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3001\u30b3\u30af\u30e9\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30fc\u30df\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u691c\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u8abf\u6574\u3067\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u691c\u5b9a\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u306e\u5909\u6570\u306e\u5de5\u592b\u3067\u89e3\u6c7a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u691c\u5b9a\u3092 R \u3067\u884c\u3046\u306b\u306f\u3001aov() \u3068multcomp\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e glht() \u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3067OK\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u53c2\u8003\u66f8\u7c4d\">\u53c2\u8003\u66f8\u7c4d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"hatena-asin-detail-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254126565?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/41IUr1JMVjL._SL500_.jpg\" alt=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)\" title=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hatena-asin-detail\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hatena-asin-detail-info\">\n<p class=\"hatena-asin-detail-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254126565?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"hatena-asin-detail-meta\">\n<li><span class=\"hatena-asin-detail-label\">\u4f5c\u8005:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/d.hatena.ne.jp\/keyword\/%C3%B0%B8%E5%20%BD%D3%CF%BA\" class=\"keyword\">\u4e39\u5f8c \u4fca\u90ce<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u671d\u5009\u66f8\u5e97<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254126565?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" class=\"asin-detail-buy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"hatena-asin-detail-image-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254127995?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/m.media-amazon.com\/images\/I\/41i369v6E0L._SL500_.jpg\" alt=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)\" title=\"\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hatena-asin-detail\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"hatena-asin-detail-info\">\n<p class=\"hatena-asin-detail-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254127995?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u30ed\u30b8\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u56de\u5e30\u5206\u6790: SAS\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305f\u7d71\u8a08\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5b9f\u969b (\u7d71\u8a08\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc)<\/a><\/p>\n<ul class=\"hatena-asin-detail-meta\">\n<li><span class=\"hatena-asin-detail-label\">\u4f5c\u8005:<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/d.hatena.ne.jp\/keyword\/%BD%D3%CF%BA%2C%20%C3%B0%B8%E5\" class=\"keyword\">\u4fca\u90ce, \u4e39\u5f8c<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/d.hatena.ne.jp\/keyword\/%C0%B2%CE%C9%2C%20%B9%E2%CC%DA\" class=\"keyword\">\u6674\u826f, \u9ad8\u6728<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/d.hatena.ne.jp\/keyword\/%CF%C2%BB%DE%2C%20%BB%B3%B2%AC\" class=\"keyword\">\u548c\u679d, \u5c71\u5ca1<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u671d\u5009\u66f8\u5e97<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.co.jp\/dp\/4254127995?tag=ttyotani-22&amp;linkCode=ogi&amp;th=1&amp;psc=1\" class=\"asin-detail-buy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amazon<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u50be\u5411\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3084\u5272\u5408\u304c\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3060\u3093\u3060\u3093\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u50be\u5411\u304c\u3001\u6bcd\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u3082\u305d\u306e\u901a\u308a\u304b\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002 R\u3067\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3084\u308b\u304b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u307f\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r","category-47"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/boxplot_example_warpbreak2.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=560"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3068,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/560\/revisions\/3068"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/best-biostatistics.com\/toukei-er\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}